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  3. The United States court system, as part of the federal system of government,【C1】______dual hierarchies : there are both state an

The United States court system, as part of the federal system of government,【C1】______dual hierarchies : there are both state an

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问题     The United States court system, as part of the federal system of government,【C1】______dual hierarchies : there are both state and federal courts. Each states has its own system of courts,【C2】______civil and criminal trial courts, sometimes intermediate courts of appeal, and a state supreme court. The federal court system consists of a series of trial courts (called district courts)【C3】______relatively small geographic regions(there is at least one for every state) , a tier of circuit courts【C4】______appeal that【C5】______appeals from many district courts in a particular geographic region,【C6】______the Supreme Court of the United States. The two court systems are【C7】______overlapping, in that certain kinds of disputes(such as a claim that a state law is in violation of the Constitution) may be initiated in【C8】______system. They are also in a certain degree hierarchical,【C9】______the federal system stands above the state system in that litigants (person【C10】______lawsuits)who【C11】______their cases in the state supreme court may appeal their cases to the Supreme Court of the United States.
    【C12】______, the typical court case begins in a trial court—a court of general jurisdiction (司法 权)in the state or federal system.【C13】______cases go on further【C14】______the trial court for example, the criminal defendant is convicted (by a trial or a guilty plea) and sentenced by the court and the case【C15】______; the personal injury suit【C16】______a judgment by a trial court (or an out-of-court【C17】______by the parties while the court suit is pending) and the parties leave the court system.
    【C18】______meantime the losing party at the trial court【C19】______enough about the cause (诉讼) that the matter does not end there. In these cases, the"loser"at the trial court may【C20】______next high court.
【C1】
选项 A、is different from
B、is concerned about
C、is equivalent to
D、is characterized by
答案D
解析 本题考查了动词短语的含义。be different from“不同于……”；be concerned about“使担忧……”；be equivalent to“与……相等”；be characterized by“具有……的特点”。填入此空，只有D适合句意：美国的法院制度是联邦政府制度的一部分，具有两个等级的特色：同时隶属于州和联邦政府。
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