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  3. September 11 should have driven home a basic lesson for the Bush administration about life in an interconnected world: misery ab

September 11 should have driven home a basic lesson for the Bush administration about life in an interconnected world: misery ab

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问题     September 11 should have driven home a basic lesson for the Bush administration about life in an interconnected world: misery abroad threatens security at home. It is no coincidence that Osama Bin Laden found warm hospitality in the Taliban’s Afghanistan, whose citizens were among the most impoverished and oppressed on earth. If the administration took this lesson seriously, it would dump the rules of realpolitik that have governed U.S. foreign aid policy for 50 years. Instead, it is pouring money into an ally of convenience, Pakistan, which is ultimately likely to expand the ranks of anti-American terrorists abroad.
    To enlist Pakistan in the fight against the Taliban, the Bush administration resurrected the Cold War tradition of propping up despotic military regimes in the name of peace and freedom. Its commitment of billions of dollars to Pakistan since September 11 will further entrench the sort of government that has made Pakistan both a development failure and a geopolitical hotspot for decades. Within Pakistan, the aid may ultimately create enough angry young men to make up A1 Qaeda’s losses in Afghanistan. In South Asia as a whole, the cash infusion may accelerate a dangerous arms race with India.
    Historically, the U.S. government has cloaked aid to allies such as Pakistan in the rhetoric of economic development. As a Cold War ally, Pakistan received some $ 37 billion in grants and loans from the West between 1960 and 1990, adjusting for inflation. And since September 11, the U.S. administration has promised more of the’ same. It has dropped sanctions imposed after Pakistan detonated a nuclear bomb in 1998, pushed through a $1.3 billion IMF loan for Pakistan, and called for another $2 billion from the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank. The Bush administration is also, ironically, pressing allies to join it in canceling or rescheduling billions of dollars of old (and failed) loans that were granted in past decades in response to similar arm-twisting.
    Despite--even because of--all this aid, Pakistan is now one of the most indebted, impoverished, militarized nations on earth. The causes of Pakistan’s poverty are sadly familiar. The government ignored family planning, leading to population expansion from 50 million in 1960 to nearly 150 million today, for an average growth rate of 2.6 percent a year. Foreign aid meant to pave rural roads went into unneeded city highways--or pockets of top officials. And the military grew large, goaded by a regional rivalry with India that has three times bubbled into war. The result is a government that, as former World Bank economist William Easterly has observed, "cannot bring off a simple and cheap measles (麻疹) vaccination (预防接种) program, and yet...can build nuclear weapons."
选项 A、search for the source of Pakistan’s poverty
B、seek for the reason for terrorism
C、criticize the realpolitik in U.S. foreign aid policy
D、find a solution to the tension in South Asia
答案C
解析 这是一道主旨题。文章第一段指出：9.11事件将使布什政府清楚地记住这个相互联系的世界有关生命的基本教训——国外的贫穷会威胁到国内的安全；本.拉登在塔利班控制的阿富汗受到盛情款待，这不是巧合；如果政府认真考虑了这次教训，它就应该抛弃现实政治的一些准则，这些准则左右美国的对外援助政策达50年之久；相反，政府正在给巴基斯坦提供大量的金钱，这种做法最终有可能扩大国外反美国的恐怖分子的阵营。随后两段具体说明了美国外援的政策。最后一段指出：因为所有这些援助，巴基斯坦如今成了世界上负债最多、最贫穷、最军事化的国家之一；  巴基斯坦贫穷的原因是人们都知晓的。这说明，作者写本文是为了批评美国援外政策。C说“批评美国援外政策中的现实政治”，这与作者的意图相符。巴基斯坦的贫穷等问题只是文章最后一段提到的内容，不能表达作者的主要意图，所以A不对；文中提到terrorism时是说“政府正在给一个利益同盟——巴基斯坦——提供大量的金钱，这种做法最终有可能扩大国外反美国的恐怖分子的阵营”，并没有分析恐怖主义的根源，所以B不能表达作者的主要意图；文中提到South Asia时是说“在整个南亚地区，资金的流入可能加速与印度危险的军备竞赛”，并没有提出解决方案，所以D也不能表达作者的主要意图。
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