2. 外语
  3. Although it is assumed that peacocks’ magnificent tails function essentially to attract peahens, no one knows why it should be m

Although it is assumed that peacocks’ magnificent tails function essentially to attract peahens, no one knows why it should be m

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问题 Although it is assumed that peacocks’ magnificent tails function essentially to attract peahens, no one knows why it should be magnificent tails that give a competitive advantage in securing mates. One explanation is that peahens are more likely to mate with peacocks with magnificent tails than with peacocks that lack magnificent tails. Which of the following is an error of reasoning exemplified by the explanation?
选项 A、Attributing to animals qualities that are characteristically human.
B、Extending a conclusion that is true of only one species of a genus to all species of the genus.
C、Offering as an explanation a hypothesis that in principle can be neither verified nor proved false.
D、Offering the phenomenon that is to be explained as the explanation of that phenomenon.
E、Assuming without warrant that peacocks with magnificent tails are likely to have other features strongly attractive to peahens.
答案D
解析 逻辑应用与技法类型题目重点在于读懂题，明晰其中思维，并且要读懂选项。段落中假设雄孔雀绚丽的尾巴吸引雌孔雀，原因是雌孔雀更可能与有绚丽尾巴的雄孔雀交配。提供的原因仅仅重述了需要解释的现象。(D)指出了这个推理错误，因此正确；(A)错在本题推理与人类无关；(B)也为无关选项；(C)易误选，但本题症结在于重述了现象，而并不在于解释是否真假证明；(E)中oth—er factors为本题中未涉及的新概念。
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