2. 外语
  3. When an invention is made, the inventor has three possible 【C1】______ of action open to him: he can give the invention to file w

When an invention is made, the inventor has three possible 【C1】______ of action open to him: he can give the invention to file w

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问题      When an invention is made, the inventor has three possible 【C1】______ of action open to him: he can give the invention to file world by publishing it, keep the idea 【C2】______   , or patent it.
     A  【C3】______   patent is the result of a bargain  【C4】______  between an inventor and the state, but the inventor gets a limited period of monopoly and publishes full details of his invention to the public after that period  【C5】______   .
     Only in the most exceptional circumstances  【C6】______   the lifespan of a patent 【C7】______   to alter this normal process of events
     The longest extension ever 【C8】______   was to Georges Valensi; his 1939 patent for color TV receiver circuit was extended until 1971 because for most of the patent’s normal life there was no color TV to  【C9】______   and thus no hope for reward for the invention.
      Because a patent remains permanently 【C10】______   after it has terminated, the shelves of the library attached to the 【C11】______   office contain details of literally millions of ideas that are free for anyone to use and, if  【C12】______   than half a century, sometimes even re-patent. Indeed, patent experts often advise anyone  【C13】______  to avoid the high cost of conducting a search through【C14】______  patents that the one sure way of violation of any other inventor’s right is to plagiarize a dead patent. Likewise, because publication of an idea in any other form【C15】______   invalidates further patents on that idea, it is traditionally 【C16】______  to take ideas from other areas of print. Much modem technological advance is【C17】______   on these presumptions of legal security.
      Anyone closely 【C18】______   in patents and inventions soon learns that most "new" ideas are, in fact, as old as the hills. It is theft reduction to commercial practice, either through necessity or dedication, or through the availability of new technology,【C19】______   makes news and money. The basic patent for the theory for magnetic recording dates back to 1886. Many of the original ideas behind television originate 【C20】______  the late 19th and early 20th century. Even the Volkswagen rear engine car was anticipated by a 1904 patent for a cart with the horse at the rear.
【C13】______
选项 A、wished
B、refusing
C、refused
D、wishing
答案D
解析 从结构上来看，wishing to avoid a high cost是修饰anyone的，所以应该用动名词结构做定语，从意思上来看，人们当然是愿意通过剽窃专利以避免高额的研发费用，所以是选 wish而不是refuse。
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