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  3. Teaching is a highly-complex occupation. It has been described in terms of very different types of roles. For example, teachers

Teaching is a highly-complex occupation. It has been described in terms of very different types of roles. For example, teachers

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问题     Teaching is a highly-complex occupation. It has been described in terms of very different types of roles. For example, teachers manage time, material, knowledge and students. They are expert communicators with their students as well as parents and other adults within the school. They are decision-makers, making numerous decisions in one class period.
    In their basic role as instructors, teachers have a number of methods for involving their students in the content of the curriculum. Excluding lab periods, approximately 90% of college teaching is lecture technique. The figure is much lower at the secondary level, and lower still in primary school classrooms. Secondary school teachers usually rely on seatwork, during which students work at their desks on a task, and teachers circulate to answer questions or sit at their own desks and correct the seatwork. Many teachers in secondary classes use discussions to stimulate their students’ interests, too, and to evaluate their grasp of the material. Discussions go beyond the usual question-and-answer sequences that accompany lectures, because they are meant to help students extend their knowledge through higher-level thinking.
    Grouping of students within the classroom occurs primarily at the elementary level. This organizational arrangement places students together in two or more groups in the classroom to improve the learning conditions for those students. Grouping in reading places students of the same achievement level together to enable the teacher to more easily work with them. Grouping, however, is becoming more popular in other subjects, and for other purposes. Cooperative learning groups, for example, place students of different abilities ill the same group, and the students within that group help each other on assignments. These programs have been shown to be effective in raising students’ achievement as well as improving their social skills and attitudes toward one another.
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答案very different types of roles
解析 由文章第一段前两句可知，教学之所以算是一项高度复杂的职业(a highly-complex occupation)是因为它被描述成许多不同类型的角色。而教师作为教学活动的主导，则应该担当(take on)这些角色，因此空格处应填very different types of roles。原文中For example后的内容便是对此的举例说明。
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