首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Few disciplines axe so strongly associated with a single figure: Einstein in physics and Freud in psychology, perhaps. But Noam
Few disciplines axe so strongly associated with a single figure: Einstein in physics and Freud in psychology, perhaps. But Noam
admin
2019-08-08
66
问题
Few disciplines axe so strongly associated with a single figure: Einstein in physics and Freud in psychology, perhaps. But Noam Chomsky is the man who revolutionised linguistics. Over the past 60 years, Mr. Chomsky has repeatedly stripped down his theory. He has focused ever more narrowly on the features of language that he reckons are unique to humans. All this has led to a remarkable little book, which claims to explain the evolution of human language.
Other biologists, linguists and psychologists have probed the same question and have reached little consensus. 【F1】
But there is even less consensus around the world’s most eminent linguist’s idea: that a single genetic mutation created an ability called "Merge", in a single human whom Mr. Chomsky has called "Prometheus".
That mutation was so advantageous that it survived and thrived, producing today’s 7,000 languages. But the vast differences among the world’s languages, Mr. Chomsky argues, are mere differences in "externalisation". The key is Merge.
But what is it? 【F2】
Merge simply says that two mental objects can be merged into a bigger one, and mental operations can be performed on that as if it were a single one.
【F3】
The can be merged with cat to give a noun phrase, which other grammar rules can operate on as if it were a bare noun like water.
So can the and hat. Once there, you can further merge, making the cat in the hat. And so on.
Why would this be of any use? Whom did Prometheus talk to? Nobody, at least not using Merge. But Merge-enabled language, according to Mr. Chomsky, did not evolve for talking at all. Rather, it let Prometheus take simple concepts and combine them in sentence-like ways in his own head. The resulting complex thoughts gave him a survival advantage. Only later, as Merge came to work with the vocal and hearing organs, did human language emerge.
Many scholars find this to be somewhere between insufficient, improbable and absurd. The emergence of a single mutation that gives such a big advantage is belittled by biologists as a "hopeful monster" theory; most evolution is gradual, operating on many genes, not one. 【F4】
Some ability like Merge may exist, but this does not explain why some words may merge and others don’t, much less why the world’s languages merge so differently.
Mr. Chomsky is unlikely to end up like Freud, whose lasting influence has been on the humanities. 【F5】
His career is more likely to end up like Einstein’s—at least in the sense that his best and most influential work came early on.
【F5】
选项
答案
他的职业生涯更有可能与爱因斯坦类似,至少在如下意义上:他最佳且最有影响力的学术著作早早就发表了。
解析
①本句为复合句,包含一个同位语从句。②主句谓语为be likely to do sth.结构,表示“有可能做某事”;end up意为“结束”;Einstein’s为省略形式的所有格,其后省略了名词career,其完整形式是end up like Einstein’s career。③破折号后面的内容是对主句的补充说明;at least in the sense意为“至少在某种意义上”,that引导sense的同位语从句,具体说明是在哪种意义上。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/EX2Z777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Readthefollowingtextandmatcheachofthenumbereditemsintheleftcolumntoitscorrespondinginformationintherightco
Ittooksometimetofigureoutjusttherightshoppingcomplex,offjusttherighthighwayinterchangeandjusttherightdista
RecentlyyouhaveseenanadvertisementinChinaDailytorecruitthevolunteersfortheWorldHorticulturalExpoinBeijing.Y
ThepeoplewhorunFacebookarefuriousaboutanewmoviethatdepictstheexistenceofFace-book.They’reupsetbecausemuchof
YouhavejustcomebackfromtheU.S.asamemberofaSino-Americanculturalexchangeprogram.WritealettertoyourAmerican
Manycountrieshaveatraditionofinvitingforeignerstorulethem.TheEnglishcalledinWilliamofOrangein1688,and,depen
Teachersneedtobeawareoftheemotional,intellectual,andphysicalchangesthatyoungadultsexperience.Andtheyalsoneed
Teachersneedtobeawareoftheemotional,intellectual,andphysicalchangesthatyoungadultsexperience.Andtheyalsoneed
Inthe1960s,medicalresearchersThomasHolmesandRichardRahedevelopedachecklistofstressfulevents.Theyappreciatedthe
随机试题
三民主义中的首要问题是()
高分子材料按特性划分包括()等。
在银行代理的信托理财产品中,产品面临的风险主要有()。
一般纳税企业委托其他单位加工材料收回后直接对外销售的,其发生的下列支出中,应计入委托加工物资成本的有()。
根据证券法律制度的规定,下列选项中,属于知悉证券交易内幕信息的知情人员的有()。
以下属于律宗祖庭的是()。
①引发剧烈的山崩地裂,引发大面积地震和惊天海啸,从而带来遍地浩劫②引起像温泉及间歇泉那样的地热现象③火山区的地下活动至今仍未停止④当达到超级火山爆发的限度时,其喷发力可将岩浆喷到25公里的高空⑤平时看起来水火不容的力量似乎在和谐地同时工作⑥表面休
2013年工矿仓储用地占国有建设用地供应面积的比重约为()。
干部任免:指国家机关或有任免权的部门,依照有关法律和条例的规定,在一定的权限范围内,按照规定的程序,任用干部担任一定的职务或免去干部所担任的职务。下列不属于干部任免的一项是( )。
下图为一个简单的互联网示意图。路由器Q的路由表中到达网络50.0.0.0的下一跳步IP地址可能取值为()。
最新回复
(
0
)