首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
How to Choose Flooring Materials Source 【L31】 There are some man-made materials like___________ 【L32】 Before being used
How to Choose Flooring Materials Source 【L31】 There are some man-made materials like___________ 【L32】 Before being used
admin
2022-03-30
79
问题
How to Choose Flooring Materials Source
【L31】 There are some man-made materials like___________
【L32】 Before being used, material undergoes___________
【L33】 Wood should be cut and___________
【L34】 Stone should be cut and___________
Selection
【L35】 Aside from environmental factors, one should take ___________________ into account during
construction.
【L36】 Some properties of materials affect mood, such as _________________, texture, and colour.
【L37】 Use a mathematical formula to choose the type of wood, because ___________ are subjective, which are ambiguous in verbal description.
【L37】
We’ve been talking about choosing building materials in the last week. Now, a great many factors influence the choice of building materials. You can’t make a house of cards, right? And ’people who live in glass houses...’ and all that... Anyway, today I’d like to say a few words about flooring.
Some artificial materials can be used, like plastic for instance,
which offer mixed blessings when used as a flooring surface. On the one hand, plastic is cheaper than nearly any other alternative, short of bare ground. Plastic also does not warp like wood. On the other hand, the best that can be said about plastic is that it ’looks like’ wood or stone. However, it cannot replace the real materials. As I have mentioned, I’m fixing up a new house. The decorator my wife hired told me, ’Plastic does a great job of looking exactly like plastic.’ Besides, it scratches easily, fades or discolours, and starts cracking within a year or two. So, if you’re fitting out a sleazy hotel or plan to live in a trailer park, go with the plastic. Really, though, for all intents and purposes, this leaves us with wood or stone as choices for flooring.
Stone and wood are alike in at least one respect:
both go through processing before they can be put to use.
Since few of us cut our own lumber or quarry our own
stone, this is not perhaps a pressing concern. Still,
do-it-yourselves would do well to remember to buy only properly seasoned wood.
Unseasoned wood warps and a warped floor quickly becomes firewood (and its owner quickly becomes poorer). Likewise, except for dull-hued materials like slate or sandstone,
most stone floors are polished before installation.
The choice goes well beyond just wood or stone — each type requires many further considerations. A few special remarks are called for when considering wood, for example. As always, aesthetics, personal taste, and layout all play roles as well as the type of house or room. Oh,
and certainly don’t forget the cost.
When it comes to cost, a rule of thumb is that the softer and less exotic the wood, the lower the cost. In the US, for instance, pine is both ubiquitous and cheap. Mahogany is imported and exorbitantly expensive. If you’re on any kind of budget when remodelling, it’s really helpful to remember to go for the softer woods.
Aside from cost, there are still lots of different factors that are important in choosing the best flooring for the job. Continuing with the example of wood,
one must consider the effects of each type of wood on the mood of the room. When selecting the best wood to use, particular attention needs to be paid to its grain patterns, texture, and colour.
In rooms where relaxation or deep thought is the aim — say bedrooms or the study — dark, strong grained woods are the rule.
Here the grain ought to match the furniture for a feeling of homogeneity. In rooms where activity and motion are typical — the dining room or living room — lighter, finer-grained lumber is more suitable. In such a setting, the wood grain might be useful in offering a contrast to the furniture. This leads to a feel of subconscious excitement, in keeping with the room’s function.
In either case, though, consult a decorator. It is a decorator’s job to know what materials to use to fit the function of the room. Though some things about putting together a room are subjective and based on one’s individual taste, materials appropriate to a room’s function are much more straightforward.
A decorator takes the needs of the customer and uses a mathematical formula, rather than subjective words.
Since feelings vary from person to person, verbal descriptions of wood types tend to be ambiguous. You want the wood you select, not something approximate! And if you do decide to do it yourself, remember that all wood must be treated with preservatives to enhance its appearance and preserve its natural beauty.
In the case of stone, or ’quarry tile’ as flat-cut flooring stone is properly called, a new set of considerations must be weighed up. Simple colour aside, the degree of reflection must be kept in mind. This is called the ’reflectance rate’, which is expressed in a number between 0.0 and 1.0, depending on the amount of light it reflects. At the end of the scale is polished silver. At a rating of 1.0, this shiny surface reflects nearly all of the light directed at it. Numbers closer to zero describe materials that absorb more light. Moving down the scale a bit, we see
the plastic that has been painted white has a rate of 0.8,
which makes sense. We know that the colour white reflects all other colours while black absorbs all colours, and plastic itself is a relatively reflective material.
Materials that are denser and darker have reflectance rates much closer to zero.
The quarry tile I mentioned a while ago has a rate of 0.1.
As you may know, quarry tile is generally dark brown and made from clay so it is quite dense. Of course, there is considerable variation among types of quarry tile because of the hue or treatment of the clay during its creation.
Does anyone have any guesses as to what materials may have a rate of almost 0.0? We can guess most of these materials are black in colour, but plastic, wood, and even stone reflect some light.
One material with a rate of almost 0.0 is black velvet.
The texture produces almost no shine at all.
Carrara marble, despite its white hue, is actually lower in reflectivity than black onyx! In any case, the fact that tiles vary somewhat should not be forgotten. A highly reflective floor would not be suitable in a library; it would be indispensable in a ballroom (should your home be large enough to feature one). Again, a rule of thumb is that ’light means lively’. Since form and material follow function, one should only use the more reflective materials in rooms where the cultivation and expression of energy are important. Bear in mind too that most types of stone cost more than all but the rarest of woods.
Of course, there is no reason why some rooms of a house should not feature wood floors or other stone tiles. You can even mix the two. A room with wood panels on the walls can have a beautiful stone floor. My bedroom has white birch walls and a light blue slate floor. The place looks like a Russian hunting lodge. Remember, though, go with what feels right for you. Good taste and the ’laws’ of interior design are the homeowner’s servants, not his master. It’s only beautiful when you decide it is. I mean, you’re the one who lives there, not the decorator, right? OK, are there any questions?
选项
答案
words
解析
录音原文中的subjective words是题目…are subjective的同义转述。因此空格处填入words。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/EY8O777K
本试题收录于:
雅思听力题库雅思(IELTS)分类
0
雅思听力
雅思(IELTS)
相关试题推荐
Completethenotesbelow.ChooseONEORTWOWORDSfromthepassageforeachanswer.Writeyouranswersinboxes8-13onyoura
AThereisagreatconcerninEuropeandNorthAmericaaboutdecliningstandardsofliteracyinschools.InBritain,thefactth
Completeeachofthefollowingstatementswiththebestendingfromtheboxbelow.WritetheappropriatelettersA~Ginboxes3
Completeeachofthefollowingstatementswiththebestendingfromtheboxbelow.WritetheappropriatelettersA~Ginboxes3
DothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationinReadingPassage3?Inboxes29-34onyouranswersheetwriteTRUEift
CompletethesummaryofparagraphGbelow.ChooseNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSfromthepassageforeachanswer.Writeyouranswers
CompletethesummaryofInternationalDrivingLicensesbelow.UseNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswerInternational
writtenresponses
29February本题有关这位男士的出生日期。录音原文Iwasbornon…是题目Dateofbirth的同义替换,
7am——3pm本题有关该工作的工作时间。录音原文中的from…includingsomeweekends…eveningshifts是题目的同义替换。
随机试题
以下有关世界气候的表述,不正确的是:
肝性脑病患者支/芳比值为
李某是我国公民.跟随其父母在某太平洋岛国A国生活。2008年9月.刚满15周岁的李某进入A国公民吉姆家窃取了价值3000多元人民币的财物。根据A国的法律,凡盗窃他人财物者,将被剁去一只手的拇指、食指和中指。(事实一)李某知道A国的法律规定后,心里
FIDIC((施工合同条件》中规定的缺陷通知期,是指( )的期限。
某煤矿2015年3月开采原煤40万吨,销售16万吨,取得销售收入6400万元;将一部分原煤移送加工生产选煤39万吨,销售选煤30万吨,销售收入为15000万元,选煤综合回收率为60%。资源税税率为3%。该煤矿2015年3月应纳资源税()万元。
我国被称为“世界屋脊”的高原是指()。
关于布雷顿森林体系建立的背景,表述正确的是()。
1.本题本由给定资料与作答要求两部分构成。考试时限为150分钟。其中。阅读给定资料参考时限为40分钟,作答参考时限为110分钟。满分100分。2.请在题本、答题卡指定位置上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的姓名和准考证号,并用2B铅笔在准考证号对应的数字
毛泽东《论十大关系》的报告明确了建设社会主义的指导思想是()
Thelocalauthoritiesrealizedtheneedtomake__________forelderlypeopleintheirhousingprogrammes.
最新回复
(
0
)