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  3. A broad public discussion of environmental problems began in the mid-1980s, when the first "green" groups formed in opposition

A broad public discussion of environmental problems began in the mid-1980s, when the first "green" groups formed in opposition

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问题     A broad public discussion of environmental problems began in
the mid-1980s, when the first "green" groups formed in opposition
to Erevan’s intense industrial air pollution and to nuclear power
generation in wake of the 1986 reactor explosion at Chernobyl.【S1】______
Environmental issues helped form the basis of the nationalist
independence movement when environmental demonstrations
subsequently merged with these for other political causes in the【S2】______
late 1980s.
    In independent Armenia, environmental issues divide society
into those who fear of "environmental time bombs" and those who【S3】______
view resumption of pollution-prone industrial operations as the only
mean of improving the country’s economy. In the early 1990s, the【S4】______
latter group blamed Armenia’s economic woes on a role played by【S5】______
the former in closing major industries.
    In 1994 three national environmental laws were in effect: the
Law on Environmental Protection, the Basic Law on the
Environment, and the Law on Mineral Resources. The Council of
Ministers, Armenia’s cabinet, includes a minister of the
environment. Therefore, no comprehensive environmental protection【S6】______
program has emerged, and decisions on environmental policy have
been made on an ad hoc basis.
    Environmental conditions in Armenia have been worsened by
the Azerbaijani blockade of supplies and electricity from outside.
The results of the blockade and the failure of diplomatic efforts to lift
it led the government propose reconstruction of the Armenian Atomic【S7】______
Power Station at Metsamor, which was closed after the 1988
earthquake because of its location in an earthquake-prone area and
what had the same safety problems as reactors listed as dangerous in【S8】______
Bulgaria, Russia, and Slovakia. After heating debates over startup【S9】______
continued through 1993, French and Russian nuclear consultants
declared operating conditions basically safe. Continuation of the
blockade into 1994 gave added emergency to the decision.【S10】______
【S5】
选项
答案a一the
解析 冠词误用。该处role被后置定语played by the former in closing major industries修饰，可见其为特指，故将不定冠词a改为定冠词the。
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