首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Temperature Three scales of temperature, each of which permits a precise measurement, are in concurrent use: the Fahrenheit,
Temperature Three scales of temperature, each of which permits a precise measurement, are in concurrent use: the Fahrenheit,
admin
2011-01-15
61
问题
Temperature
Three scales of temperature, each of which permits a precise measurement, are in concurrent use: the Fahrenheit, Celsius, and Kelvin scales. These three different temperature scales were each developed by different people and have come to be used in different situations.
The scale that is most widely used by the general public in the United States is the Fahrenheit scale. In 1714, Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit, a German physicist who was living in Holland and operating an instrument business, developed a mercury-in-glass thermometer and the temperature scale that still carries his name. His original scale had two fixed points: 0°was the lowest temperature that he could achieve in a solution of ice, water, and salt, and 96°was what he believed was the normal temperature of the human body (though this was later determined to be 98.6°). Based on this scale, he calculated that the freezing point (or ice point) of water was 32°; in later studies, it was determined that the boiling point of water (the steam point) was 212°. The Fahrenheit scale came to be accepted as the standard measure of temperature in a number of countries, including Great Britain, and from there it was spread to British colonies throughout the world. Today, however, the United States is the only major country in the world that still uses the Fahrenheit scale.
The scale that is in use in many other countries is the Celsius scale. Anders Celsius (1701~1744), a Swedish astronomer, developed a thermometer in 1741 that based temperatures on the freezing and boiling temperatures of water. On the thermometer that Celsius developed, however, 0°was used to indicate the boiling temperature of water, and 100°was used to indicate the freezing temperature of water. After his death, the scale was reversed by a friend, the biologist Carl von Linne (1707~1748), who achieved acclaim for his development of the Linnean classification system for plants and animals. On the new scale after the reversal by von Linne, 0° indicated the freezing temperature of water, and 100° indicated the boiling temperature of water. A At around the same time that Celsius and von Linne were working on their thermometer in Sweden, a similar thermometer was being developed in France. B After the French Revolution, the scale developed in France was adopted as part of the metric system in that country under the name centigrade, which means "a hundred units," and from there it spread worldwide. C In 1948, an international agreement was made to rename the centigrade scale the Celsius scale in honor of the scientist who was first known to use a 100-degree scale, though it should be remembered that the scale that Celsius actually used himself was the reverse of today’s scale. D
A third scale, the Kelvin scale, is generally used today for scientific purposes. This scale was first suggested in 1854 by two English physicists: William Thomson, Lord Kelvin (1824~1907) and James Prescott Joule (1818~1889). The Kelvin scale defines 0°as absolute zero, the hypothetical temperature at which all atomic and molecular motion theoretically stops, and 100°separates the freezing point and boiling point of water, just as it does on the Celsius scale. On the Kelvin scale, with 0°equal to absolute zero, water freezes at 273°, and water boils at a temperature 100°higher. The Kelvin scale is well suited to some areas of scientific study because it does not have any negative values, yet it still maintains the 100° difference between the freezing point and boiling point of water that the Celsius scale has and can thus easily be converted to the Celsius scale by merely subtracting 273° from the temperature on the Kelvin scale.
It can be inferred from the passage that a temperature of 50° centigrade would be equal to
选项
A、223° on the Kelvin scale.
B、273° on the Kelvin scale.
C、323° on the Kelvin scale.
D、373° on the Kelvin scale.
答案
C
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/EhyO777K
0
托福(TOEFL)
相关试题推荐
Soviet’sNewWorkingWeekHistorianinvestigateshowStalinchangedthecalendartokeeptheSovietpeoplecontinuallyatwork.
CommunicatingStylesandConflictKnowingyourcommunicationstyieandhavingamixofstylesonyourteamcanprovideapositiv
Lookatthefollowingpeopleandlistofstatementsbelow.Matcheachpersonwiththecorrectstatement.Writethecorrectlette
Lookatthefollowingpeopleandthelistofstatementsbelow.Matcheachpersonwiththecorrectstatement.Writethecorrectl
AccidentalScientistsAAparadoxliesclosetotheheartofscientificdiscovery.Ifyouknowjustwhatyouarelookingfor,fi
AccidentalScientistsAAparadoxliesclosetotheheartofscientificdiscovery.Ifyouknowjustwhatyouarelookingfor,fi
ElephantCommunicationO’Connell-Rodwell,apostdoctoralfellowatStanfordUniversity,hastravelledtoNamibia’sfirst-ev
WhichthreeforeignlanguagesaretraditionallytaughtintheUSA?ApartfromChinese,theNEPfocuseson______.
WhichthreeforeignlanguagesaretraditionallytaughtintheUSA?HowoldaretheyoungestschoolchildrenlearningChinese?
A、Provideextraenergytostartthereaction.B、Raisethetemperatureofthechemicals.C、Releaseachemicalneededtostartthe
随机试题
机动车在夜间通过没有交通信号灯控制的交叉路口时,应当________。
A.外周血白细胞增高B.淋巴结明显肿大C.两者皆有D.两者皆无急性粒细胞白血病
患者女,48岁。哮喘持续发作,呼吸36次/分,吸气时脉搏明显减弱,此时该患者的脉搏属于
民事诉讼的基本特征包括()。
张某承揽一项房屋装修工程,计划三个月完工,按照进度房主第一个月支付30000元,第二个月支付20000元,第三个月支付30000元。上述所得王某应缴纳个人所得税额( )元。
E公司将其优良资产注入F公司,F公司可以选择的支付方式有()。
某公安局邀请50余名人大代表、政协委员、执法监督员和部分群众代表走进警营,主动接受社会各界的监督和评价。上述人员中对公安机关执法活动的监督,不属于社会监督的是:
大豆:豆浆机:豆浆
社会媒体和大数据迁移研究
设方程组问:(1)a,b为何值时,方程组有唯一解;(2)a,b为何值时,方程组无解;(3)a,n为何值时,方程组有无穷多解,并求其通解.
最新回复
(
0
)