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  3. Though experts were quick to declare that the election of Barack Obama represented the emergence of a "post-racial" America, the

Though experts were quick to declare that the election of Barack Obama represented the emergence of a "post-racial" America, the

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问题     Though experts were quick to declare that the election of Barack Obama represented the emergence of a "post-racial" America, the macro-economy has provided a corrective. During the American economy’s last deep recession, in the early 1980s, black unemployment soared to twice the level among whites, passing 21％ in 1983. And according to the latest data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, time has changed little. The current unemployment rate among black Americans is almost 16％; among whites the figure is under 10％.
    The widening gap between blacks and whites persists across demographic lines. The current "mances-sion" has hit male-dominated professions hardest. But white men face a relatively mild unemployment rate of just over 10％ compared with over 18％ among black men. For the worst-off, the data are catastrophic. Among young black men without a high-school diploma, nearly half have no jobs. These rates are based on a labor-force number which excludes those in prison; if there were not five times as many blacks behind bars as whites, the figures would look even worse.
    There is no shortage of explanations for the gap. States with weaker labor markets, like South Carolina and Michigan, also tend to have larger black populations than low-unemployment states like Iowa and Montana. Predominantly black neighborhoods are often a long way from where jobs are concentrated, in largely white suburbs, so those without cars cannot get to them.
    Blacks are also at a disadvantage when it comes to relying on friends and family connections to find jobs; there is not the same network of family businesses that whites and Latinos have. Some studies have found that this factor may explain as much as 70％ of the difference in black and white unemployment rates, and may also explain the difference between black and Latino jobless rates. Among young men, for instance, the near-20％ Hispanic unemployment rate is much closer to that for whites (17％) than blacks (30％).
    What is clear is that the unemployment problem in black communities will not end with the recession. The employment-to-population ratio among black adults is only just above 50％, and it is closer to a shocking 40％ for young black men; for adult whites it is 59％. Black workers are also unemployed for about five weeks longer, on average, than the rest of the population. Some 45％ of unemployed blacks have been out of work for 27 weeks or longer, compared with just 36％ of unemployed whites. That means continued loss of skills, and a longer and harder road back into the workforce.
The weaker labor markets in South Carolina and Michigan may result from ________.
选项 A、a shortage of explanation for racial gap
B、their relatively more black residents
C、the predominance of black population
D、long distances between neighborhoods
答案B
解析 根据题干中的South Carolina和Michigan可快速定位到第三段第二句，劳动力市场不景气的州一般拥有更多的黑人人口，B项所述与之相符。A项利用第三段第一句中的shortage of explanations for the gap作干扰，原文说的是造成白人与黑人之间的差距有很多原因，与题干所问无关；文中虽然提到这些州黑人较多，但C项中的predominance“黑人占主导地位”的说法过于夸大，故C项也不对；第三段最后一句指出黑人失业率高的一个原因是黑人聚集的居住区离工作区较远，D项所说小区之间的距离较远是对原文的曲解。
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