首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Adam Smith, the Scottish professor of moral philosophy, was thrilled by his recognition of order in the economic system. His bo
Adam Smith, the Scottish professor of moral philosophy, was thrilled by his recognition of order in the economic system. His bo
admin
2012-12-30
33
问题
Adam Smith, the Scottish professor of moral philosophy, was thrilled by his recognition of order in the economic system. His book, The Wealth of Nations (1776), is the germinal book in the field of economics which earned him the title, the father of economics.
In Smith’s view, a nation’s wealth was dependent upon production, not agriculture alone. How much it produced, he believed, depended upon how well it combined labour and the other factors of production. The more efficient the combination, the greater the output, and the greater the nation’s wealth.
The essence of Smith’s economic philosophy was his belief that an economy would work best if left to function on its own without government regulation. In those circumstances, self-interest would lead business firms to produce only those products that consumers wanted, and to produce them at the lowest possible cost. They would do this, not as a means of benefiting society, but in an effort to outperform their competitors and gain the greatest profit. But all this self-interest would benefit society as a whole by providing it with more and better goods and services, at the lowest prices.
Smith said in his book: "Every individual endeavours to employ his capital so that its produce may be of greatest value. He generally neither intends to promote the public interest, nor knows how much he is promoting it. He intends only his own security, only his own gain. And he is in this led by an ’invisible hand’ to promote that which was no part of his intention. By pursuing his own interest he frequently promotes that of society more effectually than when he really intends to promote."
The "invisible hand" was Smith’s name for the economic forces that we today would call supply and demand, Smith agreed with the physiocrats and their policy of "laissez faire", letting individuals and businesses function without interference from government regulation. In that way the "invisible hand" would be free to guide the economy and maximize production.
Smith was very critical of monopolies which restricted the competition that he saw as vital for economic prosperity. He recognized that the virtues of the market mechanism are fully realized only when the checks and balances of perfect competition are present. Perfect competition refers to a market in which no firm or consumer is large enough to affect the market price. The "invisible hand" theory is about economies in which all the markets are perfectly competitive. In such circumstances, markets will produce an efficient allocation of resources, so that an economy is on its production-possibility frontier. When all industries are subject to the checks and balances of perfect competition, markets can produce an efficient bundle of products with the most efficient techniques and using the minimum amount of inputs. But when monopolies become pervasive, the remarkable efficiency properties of the invisible hand may be destroyed.
Which of the following is NOT true?
选项
A、An efficient allocation of resources is realized through perfect competition.
B、Perfect competition can be realized where monopolies are absent.
C、The "invisible hand" checks and balances the economy.
D、Adam Smith advocates the promotion of self-interest.
答案
D
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/EuaO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Variationsamongstateinsurancelawscancauseproblemsforfamilies.Ifyoudoyour【M1】______homeworkbeforemovingtoanoth
AttendingaCollegeorUniversityintheUSAEachyear,manyforeignstudentswishtogotothecollegesanduniversitiesinthe
A、academicandprofessional.B、militaryandsupervisory.C、health-careandeducational.D、politicalandeconomic.A对话末尾处主持人提到,当孩
Largepartasaconsequenceofthefeministmovement,historianshavefocusedagreatdealofattentioninrecentyearsondeter
A、Doingabitofactingandphotography.B、Goingtoconcertsfrequently.C、Playingtraditionaljazzandfolkmusic.D、Travelling
Ihaveaplanthatwillraisewages,lowerprices,increasethenation’sstockofscientistsandengineers,andmaybeevencreat
Lookingback,itwasnaivetoexpectWikipedia’sjoyridetolastforever.Sinceitsinceptionin2001,theuser-writtenonlinee
BarryhadanadvantageoverhismothersincethathecouldspeakFrench.
______analysisisaprocessofgrammaticalanalysisaccordingtowhichasyntacticconstructioncanbeanalyzedintoitsbasicu
A、Art.B、French.C、German.D、Chemistry.A
随机试题
城镇地籍信息在具体产生过程中往往由不同的地理信息系统平台采集获得,采用不同的()方法,对数据的组织有很大差异。
根据《特种设备安全监察条例》,下列设备属于特种设备的有()。
背景达海制药厂机电安装工程项目由A单位实施工程总承包,其与某劳务公司签订了劳务分包合同,约定该劳务公司安排40名农民工做力工,进行基础地基处理和材料搬运工作。进场前进行了安全教育。地基工程结束后,准备工艺设备吊装作业,吊装方案详细可靠,
洞口土体加固前,要根据()等因素,明确加固目的后,确定加固方案。
矩形截面简支钢梁,跨中受集中力P作用,试问,当集中力增大为2P,梁高度变为原来的2倍,其余条件不变,则跨中截面最大弯曲应力是原来的()。
与合作研究和委托研发相比,关于自主研发的说法,正确的有()。
某学习平台的学习内容由观看视频、阅读文章、收藏分享、论坛交流、考试答题五个部分组成。某学员要先后学完这五个部分,若观看视频和阅读文章不能连续进行,该学员学习顺序的选择有:
2003年2月起,贾某与许某结伙盗窃,先后共同作案5次,窃得财物价值为25000元,销赃后得赃款9000元,二人平分。2002年10月,贾某单独作案一次,窃得现金5000元。在追究贾某刑事责任时,贾某对下列何种数额负责?()
Itwasnotuntiltheaccidenthappened______.
A、Itreflectslittleofthesunheatandmakestheweatherwarmer.B、Itreflectsmuchofthesunheatandmakestheweathercold
最新回复
(
0
)