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  3. Almost all university students want to be successful in learning, but many of them fail to achieve it. What are the principles o

Almost all university students want to be successful in learning, but many of them fail to achieve it. What are the principles o

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问题     Almost all university students want to be successful in learning, but many of them fail to achieve it. What are the principles of successful learning? Write an essay of about 400 words on the following topic:
                     Successful Learning
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答案 Successful Learning The problem of learning so much during the four years of school life is often discussed. In my opinion, to be successful in one’s learning, the following principles should be borne in mind—they are good study habits, perseverance, and full concentration. The first key factor for successful learning is to establish good study habits. Students with poor study habits often frantically do all their reviewing just in a day or two before examination. The result usually is that they come to examination not only exhausted but also confused by a mass of unrelated facts. However, they could have avoided all this by keeping up with their assignments, making orderly notes, and reviewing their notes regularly. Periodic review and beginning to study for the exams early will save the time in the long run and prevent cramming. In this way they can be well rested and more motivated and less anxious on test day. Of course, studying shouldn’t occupy all of the free time on the schedule. It’s important to set aside time for relaxation, hobbies, and entertainment as well. What’s more, a good attitude toward tests benefits a lot. The purpose of a test is to check what students have learned about a subject. If they don’t pass a test, they ought not to be unduly upset about the result. Tests provide grades, but also let them know what they need to spend more time studying, and make the knowledge permanent. Besides, students need perseverance to stick to their habits. Just as the old saying goes, "It’s easier said than done. " Day after day, learning is terribly boring for some students, so they may likely give up. However, "No pains, no gains. "The thing that they need most is perseverance, or a strong will. With perseverance, there is nothing that they can not achieve. But if without it, any good habits are sure to prove fruitless. Lastly, full concentration is essential. While studying, many students just inattentively run their eyes over a page between frequent distractions from a cell phone and conversation. Five hours of this kind of study are worth less than an hour of uninterrupted concentration. Whatever course we are learning, we must learn it wholeheartedly. Only when we set our minds on the course can we achieve success in our academic learning. In summary., students should make a great effort to form good study habits, to stick to them, concentrate fully on what they are learning. Only in this way can they stand a better chance to achieve successful learning.
解析 本文要求对大学在校生如何在学习上做到行之有效这一论题进行论述。首先应指出“大学四年里学习上遇到的问题很多”，提出自己的观点：形成良好的学习习惯，贵在持之以恒等；接下来对观点进行论述。注意层次分明，论据充分。比如可以通过正反举例说明要有良好的学习习惯的关键性；再次，需要毅力去坚持这种好习惯；最后，提出学习的基本因素在于集中精力。文章最后重申主题，做到首尾呼应。
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