首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
When social scientists use the term culture they tend to be talking about a less restrictive concept than that implied in everyd
When social scientists use the term culture they tend to be talking about a less restrictive concept than that implied in everyd
admin
2013-06-02
69
问题
When social scientists use the term culture they tend to be talking about a less restrictive concept than that implied in everyday speech. In social science, culture is all that in human society which is socially rather than biologically transmitted, whereas the commonsense usage tends to【C1】______ only to the arts. Culture is thus a general term for the symbolic and learned aspects of human society, although some animal behaviourists now【C2】______ that certain primates (灵长类动物) have at least the capacity for culture.
Social anthropological ideas of culture are based to a great【C3】______ on the definition given by Edward Tylor in 1871, in which he referred to a learned complex of knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, and custom. This definition implies that culture and civilization are one and the same. But this equation, although possible in English and French usage, runs【C4】______ to the German distinction between Kultur and Zivilisation, the former referring to symbols and values, while the latter deals with the organization of society. Archaeological usage, though【C5】______ the wholeness of human societies, makes a distinction between material culture and practices and beliefs, the non-material or adaptive culture transmitted by teaching and tradition. Only material culture is【C6】______ to archaeology, whereas adaptive culture is the subject of history, sociology, and anthropology.
For nineteenth century anthropologists, such as Tylor and Lewis Henry Morgan, culture was a conscious creation of human rationality. Civilization and culture, in this conception, showed a progressive tendency towards what were regarded as higher moral values, and this enabled the Victorian mind to construct a【C7】______ of cultures or civilizations which provided a rationale for colonial activities by apparently higher-order Western civilizations.
In America, it is sometimes argued that the concept of culture can provide ways of explaining and understanding human behaviour, belief systems, values, and【C8】______ , as well as particular culturally specific personality types.
In cultural anthropology, analysis of culture may proceed at three levels: learned patterns of behaviour; aspects of culture that act below conscious levels (such as the deep level of grammar and【C9】______ in language, of which a native language speaker is seldom aware); and patterns of thought and 【C10】______ , which are also culturally determined.
A. ideologies I. extent
B. perception J. counter
C. hierarchy K. dissipate
D. junk L. acknowledging
E. grandeur M. teeming
F. point N. accessible
G. syntax O. assert
H. forfeit
【C8】
选项
答案
A
解析
ideologies名词,意为“意识形态”。本句的意思是在美国,人们有时认为对文化的概念能够提供解释和理解人类行为、信仰体系、价值观及意识形态的方法。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/FM67777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
A、BemuseDr.Wattsrecommendedhertocome.B、BecauseLisawasverymodest.C、BecauseLisahasgotalotofpraisefromtheteac
Formostofthe20thcentury,Asiaaskeditselfwhatitcouldlearnfromthemodern,innovatingWest.Nowthequestionmustber
Atthebeginningoftheschoolyear,acommunitywithmanystudentslivingthere________.UCSDcarriesoutavarietyofmeasur
A、Totellherthathecan’tattendherclasstoday.B、Tomakeanappointmentwithherforhisroommate.C、Totellherthathisr
Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledTheAdvantagesandDisadvantagesofGoing
A、Thestudentsattendedclasstwiceaweek.B、Menwerequiteactiveduringtheclasses.C、DennisandJamesweregreatfriends,D
DaphnaEdwardsZimanisoneofthefamousmothersinAmericanhistory.Sheisthemotherofan(36)______child,forWhomsheha
A、Dogshaveevolvedtogetherwithhumanbeings.B、Dogsdohaveanaturalabilitytounderstandhumans.C、Dogshavebranchedoff
Theestablishmentofthemoderncorporatestructurestarted______.SinceBritaingottheexclusivecontrolonopium,Indiangr
Accordingtothepassage,howdohumanbodiesmaintainbalance?WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtoPara.1?
随机试题
一级耐火等级建筑是指主要建筑构件全部为不燃烧体且满足相应耐火极限要求的建筑,()、()的耐火等级不低于一级,如建筑高度大于24m的医疗建筑、重要公共建筑、建筑高度大于54m的住宅等。
指出下列短语的结构类型。A.召开会议、会议的召开B.老师的同学、老师或同学C.吃得好、吃很好(睡不行)D.敲了三下、唱了三首
男性,32岁。下楼时,不慎会阴部骑跨在栏杆上,立即出现尿道口滴血,之后不能排尿,发生尿潴留。体检发现:会阴部、阴茎和阴囊明显肿胀。该患者目前无尿外渗,应做哪项处理
女,67岁,有心绞痛病史,参加轻体力活动感心前区不适,连续步行100米或上1层楼梯等均可诱发心绞痛,按心绞痛CCS严重度分级,该患者病情属于
NAD+和NADP+中所含的维生素是
下列除哪项外为积证的证候特征
已知:B栋底层边柱KZ3截面及配筋示意如图1-2所示,考虑地震作用组合的柱轴压力设计值N=4120kN,该柱剪跨比λ=2.5,该柱混凝土强度等级为C40,箍筋采用HPB235级钢筋,纵向受力钢筋的混凝土保护层厚度c=30mm。如仅从抗震构造措施方面考虑,试
显示控制卡的存储器与主存统一编址,它有若干不同的名称,下列选项中不是其名称的是
Tomhasmadethe(decide)______toapplyforajobinthecompany.
【B1】【B2】
最新回复
(
0
)