2. 外语
  3. Bilingual education is controversial in the United States.【C1】______, a growing body of research shows that【C2】______speaking tw

Bilingual education is controversial in the United States.【C1】______, a growing body of research shows that【C2】______speaking tw

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问题     Bilingual education is controversial in the United States.【C1】______, a growing body of research shows that【C2】______speaking two languages comes with certain types of improved mental【C3】______. Being able to use two languages and never knowing which one to be used right now is good to the brain. The attentional executive system, crucial for all higher thought, seems to be【C4】______.
    Executive functioning allows us to keep a goal in mind, take【C5】______to achieve that goal, and to ignore other information that might【C6】______ us from that goal. The question is; Would it be the case that bilinguals, by the【C7】______need for controlling the two languages, develop a more efficient executive functioning system? The results suggest that bilinguals【C8】______have this positive collateral effect, which is even stronger when it goes to kids and older people. These are ages【C9】______executive functioning is worse.
    Bilinguals do better at tests that require multitasking, including ones that【C10】______ driving and talking on a phone. And the longer people have spoken multiple languages, the greater the cognitive【C11】______. There are even benefits when languages were【C12】______at later ages.
    Certainly, bilingualism comes with some 【C13】______. Bilinguals have more " tip-of-the-tongue" problems. There are a couple of milliseconds before they can target. Bilingual children, also, have 【C14】______ a smaller vocabulary in each of their languages than monolingual children,【C15】______they probably know more words altogether.
    Still, all of these findings are【C16】______ abstract. It is difficult to take laboratory findings showing better executive functioning in bilinguals and demonstrate that they【C17】______ into better performance in the workplace or some other practical 【C18】______. The only real, world application preliminarily demonstrated may be that multilingualism can【C19】______health benefits to Alzheimer’s patients. Bilinguals show【C20】______ of the disease up to four years later than monolinguals.
【C13】
选项 A、outcome
B、mistake
C、cost
D、upset
答案C
解析 名词辨析题。句意为：当然，使用双语要付出一些代价。本句为段落主旨句。后文提到双语使用者会出现一些问题，比如张口忘词。前文都在介绍双语使用的益处，这里提到了存在的问题，故本句表达的意思应是双语使用也要付出一些代价，才能起到承上启下的作用，因此，选用cost。outcome“结果”为中性词汇，不能表示负面含义，可先排除；mistake“错误”和upset“混乱”虽然表示负面意义，但不能起到承上启下的作用，也不是本题答案。
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