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  3. Until men invented ways of staying underwater for more than a few minutes, the wonders of the world below the surface of the sea

Until men invented ways of staying underwater for more than a few minutes, the wonders of the world below the surface of the sea

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问题     Until men invented ways of staying underwater for more than a few minutes, the wonders of the world below the surface of the sea were almost unknown. The main problem, of course, lies in air. How could air be supplied to swimmers below the surface of the sea? Pictures made about 2, 900 years ago in Asia show men swimming under the surface with air bags tied to their bodies. A pipe from the bag carried air into the swimmer’s mourn. But little progress was achieved in the invention of diving devices until about 1490, when the famous Italian painter, Leonardo da Vinci, designed a complete diving suit.
    In 1680, an Italian professor invented a large air bag with a glass window to be worn over the diver’s head. To "clean" the air a breathing pipe went from the air bag, through another bag to remove moisture, and then again to the large air bag. The plan did not work, but it gave later inventors the idea of moving air around in diving devices.
    In 1819, a German, Augustus Siebe, developed a way of forcing air into the head-covering by a machine operated above the water. Finally, in 1837, he invented the " hard-hat suit" was to be used for nearly a century. It had a metal covering for the head and an air pipe attached to a machine above the water. It also had small openings to remove unwanted air. But mere were two dangers to the diver inside the " hard-hat suit". One was the sudden rise to the surface, caused by a too great supply of air. The other was me crushing of the body, caused by a sudden diving into deep water. The sudden rise to the surface could kill me diver; a sudden dive could force his body up into the helmet, which could also result in death.
    Gradually the "hard-hat suit" was improved so mat the diver could be given a constant supply of air. The diver could men move around under me ocean without worrying about the air supply.
    During the 1940s diving underwater without a special suit became popular. Instead, divers used a breaming device and a small covering made of rubber and glass over parts of the face. To improve the swimmer’s speed another new invention was used: a piece of rubber shaped like a giant foot, which was attached to each of me diver’s own feet. The manufacture of rubber breathing pipes made it possible for divers to float on the surface of the water, observing the marine life underneam them. A special rubber suit enabled them to stay in cold water for long periods, collecting specimens of animal and vegetable life mat had never been obtained in the past.
    The most important advance, however, was the invention of a self-contained underwater breathing apparatus, which is called a " sucba".
    Invented by two Frenchmen, Jacques Cousteau and Emile Gagnan, the scuba consists of a mouthpiece joined to one or two tanks of compressed air which are attached to me diver’s back.
    The scuba makes it possible for a diver-scientist to work 200 feet underwater or even deeper for several hours. As a result, scientists can now move around freely at great depths, learning about me wonders of the sea.
The word "seuba" is
选项 A、a certain diver’s name.
B、an original English word.
C、named by the inventor.
D、an acronym.
答案D
解析 事实细节题。定位在文章倒数第二段，由此可知scuba是self-contained underwater breathingapparatus的首字母缩略词，即acronym。故答案为D。
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