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  3. Over the past century, all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned or made illegal.【F1】But one insidious form

Over the past century, all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned or made illegal.【F1】But one insidious form

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问题 Over the past century, all kinds of unfairness and discrimination have been condemned or made illegal.【F1】But one insidious form continues to thrive: alphabetism. This, for those as yet unaware of such a disadvantage, refers to discrimination against those whose surnames begin with a letter in the lower half of the alphabet.
It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb through their phone directories. Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zoe Zysman.【F2】English names are fairly evenly spread between the halves of the alphabet, yet a suspiciously large number of top people have surnames beginning with letters between A and K.
【F3】Thus the American president and vice-president have surnames starting with B and C respectively; and 26 of George Bush’s predecessors(including his father)had surnames in the first half of the alphabet against just 16 in the second half. Even more striking, six of the seven heads of government of the G7 rich countries are alphabetically advantaged(Berlusconi, Blair, Bush, Chirac, Chretien and Koizumi). The world’ s three top central bankers(Greenspan, Duisenberg and Hayami)are all close to the top of the alphabet, even if one of them really uses Japanese characters. As are the world ’s five richest men(Gates, Buffett, Allen, Ellison and Albrecht).
Can this merely be coincidence? One theory, dreamt up in all the spare time enjoyed by the alphabetically disadvantaged, is that the rot sets in early.【F4】At the start of the first year in infant school, teachers seat pupils alphabetically from the front, to make it easier to remember their names. So short-sighted Zysman junior gets stuck in the back row, and is rarely asked the improving questions posed by those insensitive teachers. At the time the alphabetically disadvantaged may think they have had a lucky escape. Yet the result may be worse qualifications, because they get less individual attention, as well as less confidence in speaking publicly.
The humiliation continues. At university graduation ceremonies, the ABCs proudly get their awards first; by the time they reach the Zysmans most people are literally having a ZZZ.【F5】Shortlists for job interviews, election ballot papers, lists of conference speakers and attendees: all tend to be drawn up alphabetically, and their recipients lose interest as they plough through them.
【F1】
选项
答案但是还有一种神秘的不公平和歧视形式继续盛行：按字母排序。对于那些至今还没有意识到这个劣势的人来说，这指的是歧视那些姓氏首字母排在字母表后半部分的人。
解析     本段主要介绍了一种隐性歧视。第一段：指出按字母顺序排列这种神秘的不公平和歧视继续盛行。第二、三、四段：用举例子的方法说明这是一种被人们忽视的不平等和歧视。第五段：指出这种羞辱并没有结束，与名字排在字母表前部分的人相比，排在字母表后面的人无形中失去了优势。
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