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  3. Recent research has shown that the stress hormone Cortisol (皮质醇) damages certain neurons in the brain and can negatively affect

Recent research has shown that the stress hormone Cortisol (皮质醇) damages certain neurons in the brain and can negatively affect

admin2021-07-08  2
问题        Recent research has shown that the stress hormone Cortisol (皮质醇) damages certain neurons in the brain and can negatively affect memory and learning ability in the elderly. Researchers wanted to find out if laughter altered its effects. They proved that laughing could dramatically improve your health—and be as good for you as a deep state of meditation (冥想).
       Dr. Lee Berk said, "It’s simple. The less stress you have, the better your memory. Humor reduces harmful stress hormones like Cortisol that decrease memory hippocampal neurons, lowers your blood pressure, and increases blood flow and your mood state. The act of laughter—or simply enjoying some humor—increases the release of endorphins (内啡肽) and dopamine (多巴胺) in the brain, which provides a sense of pleasure and reward. These positive and beneficial neurochemical changes, in turn, make the immune system function better. There are even changes in brain wave activity towards what’s called the ’ gamma wave band frequency’, which also increases memory and recall. Joyful laughter immediately produces the same brain wave frequencies experienced by people in a true meditative state. "
       A 20-minute laugh-inducing funny video was shown to a group of healthy elderly individuals and a group of elderly people with diabetes (糖尿病). The groups were then asked to complete a memory assessment that measured their learning, recall, and sight recognition. Their performance was compared to a control group of elderly people who also completed the memory assessment, but were not shown a funny video. Cortisol concentrations for both groups were also recorded at the beginning and end of the experiment.
       The research team found a significant decrease in Cortisol concentrations among both groups who watched the video. Video-watchers also showed greater improvement in all areas of the memory assessment when compared to controls, with the diabetic group seeing the most dramatic benefit in Cortisol level changes and the healthy elderly seeing the most significant changes in memory test scores.
What was the result of the research?
选项 A、Groups who watched the video had a drop in Cortisol concentrations.
B、The diabetic group showed the most dramatic increase in memory test scores.
C、The healthy elderly experienced the biggest decrease in Cortisol level.
D、Video-watchers showed little improvement in memory assessment.
答案A
解析 细节辨认题。定位段介绍该研究的结果：研究人员发现，观看了视频的两组成员皮质醇浓度显著下降，记忆评估大大改善。在这两组中，糖尿病组老人在皮质醇水平改变方面受益最多（下降最多），健康组老人在记忆评估得分方面变化最明显。由此可知，A符合原文，为本题答案。
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大学英语四级

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