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  3. There are two factors which determine an individual’s intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains

There are two factors which determine an individual’s intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains

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问题     There are two factors which determine an individual’s intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ greauy, some being more capable (能干的) than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is brought up. If an individual is disabled environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never gain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.
    The importance of environment in determining an individual’s intelligence can be shown by the case of the identical twins, Peter and Mark. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were 3 months old, their parents died, and they were placed in separate homes. Peter was brought up by parents of low intelligence in an isolated (孤立的) community with poor educational opportunities. Mark was brought up in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child, sent to good schools, and given every opportunity. The difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they’ve given tests to measure their intelligence. Mark’s IQ was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities, the twins, having identical brains, would have tested at roughly the same level.
The case of the twins appears to support the conclusion that________.
选项 A、individuals with identical brains seldom test at the same level
B、an individual’s intelligence is determined only by his environment
C、children brought up under average conditions possess average intelligence
D、lack of opportunity prevents the growth of intelligence
答案D
解析 推理判断题。根据第一段第一、二句“There are two factors which determine an individual’s intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. ”和第五句“So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is brought up. ”可知决定一个人的智力有两个因素：他与生俱来的大脑和成长的环境。故B选项错误。根据第二段第二句“Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. ”可知，拥有相同大脑在测试水平上也相同，故A选项错误。双胞胎在出生时拥有相同的大脑，他们的生长过程也相同，但是安置在不同的家庭，智力也不同，因此C选项错误。根据 “Given equal opportunities, the twins, having identical brains, would have tested at roughly the same level l. ”可知机会也是影响智力测试的因素。故选D。
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