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  3. Recent research has shown that the stress hormone Cortisol (皮质醇) damages certain neurons in the brain and can negatively affect

Recent research has shown that the stress hormone Cortisol (皮质醇) damages certain neurons in the brain and can negatively affect

admin2022-12-30  93
问题     Recent research has shown that the stress hormone Cortisol (皮质醇) damages certain neurons in the brain and can negatively affect memory and learning ability in the elderly. Researchers wanted to find out if laughter altered its effects. They proved that laughing could dramatically improve your health—and be as good for you as a deep state of meditation (冥想).
    Dr. Lee Berk said, "It’s simple. The less stress you have, the better your memory. Humor reduces harmful stress hormones like Cortisol that decrease memory hippocampal neurons, lowers your blood pressure, and increases blood flow and your mood state. The act of laughter—or simply enjoying some humor—increases the release of endorphins (内啡肽) and dopamine (多巴胺) in the brain, which provides a sense of pleasure and reward. These positive and beneficial neurochemical changes, in turn, make the immune system function better. There are even changes in brain wave activity towards what’s called the ’gamma wave band frequency’, which also increases memory and recall. Joyful laughter immediately produces the same brain wave frequencies experienced by people in a true meditative state. "
    A 20-minute laugh-inducing funny video was shown to a group of healthy elderly individuals and a group of elderly people with diabetes (糖尿病). The groups were then asked to complete a memory assessment that measured their learning, recall, and sight recognition. Their performance was compared to a control group of elderly people who also completed the memory assessment, but were not shown a funny video. Cortisol concentrations for both groups were also recorded at the beginning and end of the experiment.
    The research team found a significant decrease in Cortisol concentrations among both groups who watched the video. Video-watchers also showed greater improvement in all areas of the memory assessment when compared to controls, with the diabetic group seeing the most dramatic benefit in Cortisol level changes and the healthy elderly seeing the most significant changes in memory test scores.
What can we learn from the third paragraph?
选项 A、Only the group with diabetes watched the funny video.
B、Cortisol concentrations for the three groups were recorded.
C、The memory assessment only measured the ability to recall.
D、All three groups completed the memory assessment.
答案D
解析 由题干中的the third paragraph定位至第三段。推理判断题。定位段介绍了一项研究：一共有三组老年人，其中两组(健康组和糖尿病组)观看了搞笑视频，对他们的皮质醇浓度进行了记录，并对他们进行了记忆评估，另外一组是对照组。仅对他们进行了记忆评估。由此可知，D)符合原文，为本题答案。
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大学英语四级

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