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  3. (The following is based on material written in 1996.) The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, sign

(The following is based on material written in 1996.) The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, sign

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问题 (The following is based on material written in 1996.)
    The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer, signed in 1987 by more than150 nations, has attained its short-term goals: it has decreased the rate of increase in amounts ofmost ozone-depleting chemicals reaching the atmosphere and has even reduced the atmosphericlevels of some of them. The projection that the ozone layer will substantially recover from ozonedepletion by 2050 is based on the assumption that the protocol’s regulations will be strictlyfollowed. Yet there is considerable evidence of violations, particularly in the form of the release ofozone-depleting chlorofluorocarbons (CFC’s), which are commonly used in the refrigeration,heating, and air conditioning industries. These violation reflect industry attitudes; for example, inthe United States, 48 percents of respondents in a recent survey of subscribers to Air Conditioning,Heating, and Refrigeration News, and industry trade journal, said that they did not believe thatCFC’s damage the ozone layer. Moreover, some in the industry apparently do not want to pay forCFC substitutes, which can run five times the cost of CFC’s. Consequently, a black market inimported illicit CFC’s has grown. Estimates of the contraband CFC trade range from 10,000 to22,000 tons a year, with most of the CFC’s originating in India and China, whose agreementsunder the Protocol still allow them to produce CFC’s. In fact, the United States Customs Servicereports that CFC-12 is a contraband problem second only to illicit drugs.
选项 A、The levels of such chemcials in the atmosphere had decreased.
B、The number of such chemcials that reached the atmosphere had declined.
C、The amounts of such chemcials released had increased but the amounts that reached the atmosphere had decreased.
D、The rate of increase in amounts of such chemicals reaching the atmosphere had decreased.
E、The rate at which such chemicals were being reduced in the atmoshphere had slowed.
答案D
解析 This question asks you to identify a claim that is made in the passage about ozone-depleting chemicals. The best answer is D. The passage, written in 1996, states that the rate of increase in amounts of most ozone-depleting chemicals reaching the atmosphere had been reduced since 1987. Choice A can be eliminated because the passage states that the atmospheric levels of some ozone-depleting chemicals had been reduced, not that the levels of most had been reduced. Choice B is incorrect because the actual number of different chemicals reaching the atmosphere is not provided in the passage, nor is it claimed that the number had declined. Choice C is not correct because the passage does not claim that there was an increase in the amounts of ozone-depleting chemicals released between 1987 and 1996. Choice E is incorrect because there is no indication in the passage that the rate of reduction of atmospheric chemicals had slowed between 1987 and 1996.
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