首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Is the glass half-full or half-empty? Depends whether you’re an optimist or a pessimist. But those two words are more than c
Is the glass half-full or half-empty? Depends whether you’re an optimist or a pessimist. But those two words are more than c
admin
2019-07-05
41
问题
Is the glass half-full or half-empty? Depends whether you’re an optimist or a pessimist.
But those two words are more than casual labels: research has established that (91)
optimists have a consistent and upbeat way of dealing with adversity and that they are more successful in work, health and life in general than pessimists.
Optimists bounce back from trying times, generally with good grace, and see failure as a stepping-stone to success. Any problem tends to be minimised and dealt with later while the rest of life goes on as usual.
(92)
Their upbeat approach, resilience and perseverance makes them ideal for jobs in high- pressure areas where setbacks are part of the territory:
sales, brokering, public relations, presenting, creative jobs and high burn-out posts. They are often a company’s visionaries.
Pessimists, however, risk unravelling and sinking into depression when one thread of their life breaks. They are less likely to cope well with setbacks; they give up early or seek excuses.
Both types can be identified through optimism profiling, based on the pioneering work of American psychologist Martin Seligman, of the University of Pennsylvania.
Various studies, quoted in Seligman’s book, Learned Optimism, found that pessimists have twice as many infectious diseases as optimists.
(93)
In hundreds of studies, people with high optimism scores out-performed and out-produced those with low scores, equating in sales terms to 20 to 40 percent greater productivity.
More recent research shows optimistic and resilient people’s belief that they have control over seemingly uncontrollable events enables specific molecules to be released by the brain that increase stress resilience, reduce anxiety and make for a less vivid emotional memory of stressful events. (94)
What you think and how you explain good and bad events to yourself is the key to resilience.
Heavy pessimism can be moderated. Among the techniques is "thought-stopping", a way of blocking unhelpful rumination--you make an appointment with yourself to worry about it, and the unconscious mind feels relieved of it. And in practice, people generally never get around to the appointment--the need to worry has gone. Another major technique is learning how to dispute one’s own critical internal explanations.
However, mild pessimism does have its place. (95)
According to Seligman, the mildly downbeat do well in low-pressure settings on jobs requiring a keen sense of realism:
design and safety engineering, contract negotiation, law, statistics, technical writing, quality control, industrial relations management, and technical and cost estimating.
Says Seligman: "The company also needs its pessimists; they must make sure grim reality intrudes upon the optimists. The treasurers, the business administrators, the safety engineers--all these need an accurate sense of how much the company can afford, and of danger. "
选项
答案
上百项研究显示,乐观指数高的人在工作表现和工作数量上都超过乐观指数低的人,用营销术语来说,就是他们的产量要高出20-40%。
解析
(两个with引导的短语在句中作状语,修饰people,谓语动词是out-performed and out-produced。现在分词equating在句中做状语。)
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/FzfK777K
本试题收录于:
A类竞赛(研究生)题库大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)分类
0
A类竞赛(研究生)
大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)
相关试题推荐
现在是一个极具变革的年代,你们为迎接新的挑战已经做好了准备。(81)是你们使我们的社会更加强大,我们的家庭更加健康和安全,我们的人民更加富裕。同胞们,我们已经进入了全球信息化时代,这是美国复兴的伟大时代。(82)作为总统,我所做的一切—
BillGates,thebillionaireMicrosoftchairmanwithoutasingleearneduniversitydegree,isbyhissuccessraisingnewdoubtsa
他不愿把他的器具借给任何人,但他却总是擅自使用我的工具箱。(makefreewith)
TheEUwascreatedintheaftermathoftheSecondWorldWar.Thefirststepsweretofostereconomiccooperation:theidea______
【T1】詹姆斯-菲尼摩尔-库珀在其经典小说《开拓者》中,叙述主人公——个土地开发商,带着自己的表妹参观正在由他承建的城市。(ThePioneers)他描述了宽阔的街道、林立的房屋和热闹的都市。【T2】可是他的表妹疑惑不解,四处张望,因为她所见到的只有
社会科学正变得日益繁荣。【T1】截自2005年,几乎有近50万来自世界各个领域的专业社会科学家在学术界内外工作。《世界社会科学报告2010》指出,从2000年开始,全球的社会科学学生大约以每年11%的速度增长。然而,【T2】这一巨大的资源尚不足以应对当今
每个人一生中都该有个志向,否则他的精力便会浪费掉。每个青年人都力求成为一个有成就的人物。【T1】一个青年人只期望富有或只专心于求得权力与名望是不明智的。(nor;indulgein)一个青年人希望做个有成就者,结果常常会实现。狄斯拉里(Disr
2019年8月18日,冰岛为澳克冰川(OkjokullGlacier)的消逝举行了纪念仪式。冰岛大学在2017年发布的一份报告称,【T1】1890年,澳克冰川覆盖面积为16平方千米,但到2012年,冰川面积仅剩0.7平方千米。(by)科学家警告说,冰
A、Farmers.B、Gardeners.C、Propertydealers.D、Civilengineers.A题目问说话人的身份是什么。对话中女士说自己种植了40英亩的玉米,男士说自己去年只种植了小麦,女士希望今年有好的收成。因此,说话人
随机试题
体育运动中,处理开放性软组织损伤的步骤为()。
A.未见明显X线改变B.可见膈上食管胃环C.食管中下段可见虫蚀样或蚯蚓样充盈缺损D.管腔变窄,不规则,有充盈缺损及管壁僵硬E.食管下端呈鸟嘴样改变,黏膜纹正常下述疾病食管钡造影可见何改变反流性食管炎
长链脂肪酸的合成原料是
我国营业税实行行业差别比例税率,娱乐业的税率最高为()。
直接人工标准成本中的用量标准是指在现有生产技术条件下,生产单位产品所耗用的必要的工作时间。下列各项中,不属于直接人工用量标准的是()。
二恶英是一种持久性有机污染物,目前对二恶英的治理存在各方面的难题。首先,对二恶英的检测技术要求很高,采样要求很严格,需要特殊的高灵敏检测仪器。其次,二恶英类化合物分布广泛、污染源多。垃圾焚烧是二恶英的一个重要来源,美、日、德都有比较先进的技术来处理,如活性
某品牌的一款节油型车售价27万元,而另一款普通车售价17万元。根据目前的汽油价格以及这两款车每一百千米油耗的测试数据,购买这款节油型车的人需开满30万千米才能补足比购买普通车高出的价差。如果将来油价上涨,那么,为了补足购车价差所需的里程数还要相应增加。
历经七年磨砺,C919大型客机于2017年11月2日正式下线。据C9l9制造商中国商飞公司透露,当时在手订单达517架,以每架5000万美元测算,大飞机产业链产值将过万亿。而围绕着大飞机产业链,已有数十家A股上市公司提前布局,分享万亿元“蛋糕"。某股票分析
WhatistrueabouttheRedCross?
尽管电子阅读器(e-reader)市场用户在中国基础庞大、潜力非凡,但由于中国的电子阅读(e—reading)趋势具有强烈的“中国特色”,外资企业对中国市场望而却步。首先,目前中国电子书市场的主要驱动力是数量庞大的手机用户。中国共有7900万电子书读者,其
最新回复
(
0
)