首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Non-Verbal Communication In this talk, we are going to talk about the definition of non-verbal communication, dimensions of
Non-Verbal Communication In this talk, we are going to talk about the definition of non-verbal communication, dimensions of
admin
2017-03-07
55
问题
Non-Verbal Communication
In this talk, we are going to talk about the definition of non-verbal communication, dimensions of non-verbal communication and impression formation and management of nonverbal communication.
I. Definition and the five primary functions
A. Definition: Communication that is produced by some means other than words
B. The five primary functions
1.【T1】______【T1】______
— Through the face,【T2】______, and voice【T2】______
2.【T3】______ of interpersonal attitudes【T3】______
— Tone of voice, gaze, and touch
3. Accompany and support speech
— Nodding one’s head
— Using phrases like "uh-huh" when another is talking
4. Self-presentation
— Appearance
5.【T4】______【T4】______
— Greetings, handshakes or other rituals
II. Traditional dimensions of nonverbal communication
1. Physical appearance
— The first nonverbal messages
— Can be used to【T5】______【T5】______
2. Territory and personal space
— Personal space: the space an individual maintains around him or herself
— Territory: a larger area an individual controls that can provide【T6】______【T6】______
3.【T7】______【T7】______
— Happiness, surprise, fear, sadness, anger, disgust/contempt
4.【T8】______【T8】______
— Reflect individual thought processes and regulate communication
5. Touch
— An interpersonal bond is being offered or established
6. Time
— Past-oriented: use past to【T9】______【T9】______
— Future-oriented: work for tomorrow
— Present-oriented: live for today
III. Impression formation and management of nonverbal communication
A. Definition: an individual’s conscious attempt at control over communication behaviors to【T10】______ others【T10】______
B. Two important functions for impression management:
—【T11】______ function: consciously trying to control the impression one【T11】______
makes on the person with whom one is communicating with
—【T12】______: consciously controlling your emotional response【T12】______
C. Four dimensions of impressions:
—【T13】______【T13】______
— Iikeability
— Interpersonal attractiveness
— Dominance
D. Factors that influence the impressions we form about other people:
—【T14】______【T14】______
— First impressions
—【T15】______【T15】______
— Last impressions
【T14】
Non-Verbal Communication
Good morning, everyone. Today, I am going to give you a brief introduction of non-verbal communication. My lecture is composed of three parts. Definition of non-verbal communication, dimensions of non-verbal communication and impression formation and management of nonverbal communication.
Now, first of all, how do you define non-verbal communication? Communication is generally defined as having both a verbal and nonverbal component. Whereas verbal communication often refers to the words we use in communication, nonverbal communication refers to communication that is produced by some means other than words: eye contact, body language, or vocal cues, for example. The five primary functions of Non-verbal Behavior are:
1. Expression of Emotion—emotions are expressed mainly through the face, body, and voice.
2. Communication of Interpersonal Attitudes—the establishment and maintenance of relationships is often done through nonverbal signals(tone of voice, gaze, touch, etc.).
3. Accompany and Support Speech—vocalization and nonverbal behaviors are synchronized with speech in conversation(nodding one’s head or using phrases like "uh-huh" when another is talking).
4. Self-Presentation—presenting oneself to another through nonverbal attributes like appearance.
5. Rituals—the use of greetings, handshakes or other rituals.
Secondly, let’s talk about traditional dimensions of nonverbal communication. There are mainly six dimensions of nonverbal communication.
No.l Physical Appearance—Appearance messages are generally the first nonverbal messages received and can be used to develop judgments about people based on how they look, what they wear, and their level of attractiveness, among other things Physical attractiveness impacts how people perceive others as similar to themselves and is used to evaluate credibility and general attractiveness.
No.2 Territory and Personal Space—Personal space refers to the space an individual maintains around him or herself, while territory is a larger area an individual controls that can provide privacy—for example, an office or a specific chair in the conference room. Invading another’s territory may cause that person discomfort and the desire to defend his or her space by turning away or creating a barrier, for example. Culture can influence the way that individuals use space. Individualist societies like the United States emphasize personal rights and responsibilities, privacy, and freedom, whereas more collectivist societies emphasize community and collaboration.
No.3 Facial Expressions—The most important non-verbal channel for expressing attitudes and emotions to other people is the face. Researchers have attempted to categorize facial expressions that express emotion and typically agree on six: happiness, surprise, fear, sadness, anger, disgust/contempt.
No.4 Gestures and Postures—Gestures and postures are frequent and continuous movements of the body that reflect individual thought processes and regulate communication. For body language to be interpreted as positive and genuine, it is important that it appear to be natural. Lewis suggests individuals stand erect and walk with shoulders back and stomach in. This helps communicate a message of self-confidence, awareness, and enthusiasm.
No.5 Touch(Tactile Communication)—People believe that the most basic meaning of touch is that an interpersonal bond is being offered or established. While touch can be used for consolation, support, and congratulations depending on the relationship, touch is often culturally regulated in organizations meaning it may be regulated to behaviors such as handshakes. Touch, like any other communication message, may elicit negative and positive reactions depending on the configuration of people and the circumstances.
No.6 Time—The way an individual talks about or uses time can communicate much nonverbal information about him or her. Individuals may view time as the location or duration of events, the interval between events, or as patterns of intervals, routines or cycles of behavior. Individuals may also have differing psychological time orientations that influence how they think about and perceive time in their daily lives. Individuals may be more past-oriented, using the past to shape the present, or future-oriented, working towards tomorrow. Individuals can also be present-oriented, living mostly for today. Culture can play a role in determining time orientation, so it is important to be aware of these differences and their potential impact on communication.
The third part of my talk is about impression formation and management of nonverbal communication. Impression management is an individual’s conscious attempt at control over communication behaviors and cues for the purposes of making a desired impression often with nonverbal communication. There are two functions important for impression management: 1)Presentational function, which means consciously trying to control the impression he/she makes on the person with whom he/ she is communicating with, and 2)Affect management, which means consciously controlling your e-motional response. The impressions we make on others are subsequently defined by four dimensions: credibility—how competent and trustworthy you are, likeability—that another will judge you likable, interpersonal attractiveness, and dominance—showing power and assertiveness. The kind of person you are judged to be is influenced more by nonverbal than verbal cues. When we make judgments about others we typically give disproportionate weight to nonverbal behaviors and cues than to their actions, for example, looking at their posture to judge their level of self confidence. Factors that influence the impressions we form about other people: a)Stereotypes that we hold about individuals that belong to certain groups: b)First impressions that might affect all subsequent perceptions and may be resistant to change: c)Selective perceptions whereby we pay attention to things that are consistent with our own past experiences and concerns: and d)Last impressions in which we disproportionately weigh the influence of an individual’s most recent action or our last contact with the individual.
OK. I have outlined the six aspects of non-verbal communication and how non-verbal communication affects our image and impression. In our next lecture, we shall discuss the micro-expression and macro-expression, two concepts central to decoding human behaviors.
选项
答案
Stereotypes
解析
讲座的最后部分谈到了影响印象形成的因素,其中第一个就是Stereotypes,即固有成见。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/FzzK777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
AmongtheAmericanyoungintellectualsinthe1830sand1840s,whowasregardedastheleaderoftranscendalism?
AgroupofthetownspeoplestoodonthestationsidingofalittleKansastown,awaitingthecomingofthenighttrain,whichwa
Howmanypeoplehavediedofthedisease?
Thereareseveralpossiblerelationshipsbetweenlanguageandsociety.Oneiswhatsocialstructuremayeitherinfluenceordete
WhatcausedthetensionbetweenEgyptandIsrael?
EvaluatingSpeakingSpeakingisacomplexactwithmanydifferentelementsinteractingtoproduceeffectivecommunication,
EvaluatingSpeakingSpeakingisacomplexactwithmanydifferentelementsinteractingtoproduceeffectivecommunication,
MarkTwain’smasterwork______—hasfatheredmodernAmericanliterature.
大自然对人的恩赐,无论贫富,一律平等。所以人们对于大自然,全都一致并深深地依赖着。尤其在乡间,上千年来人们一直以不变的方式生活着。种植庄稼和葡萄,酿酒和饮酒,喂牛和挤奶,锄草和栽花;在周末去教堂祈祷和做礼拜,在节日到广场拉琴、跳舞和唱歌;往日的田园依旧是今
A、145resumes.B、154resumes.C、245resumes.D、345resumes.C女士明确提到招聘者每浏览245份简历才会面试一个人,因此选C。
随机试题
王先生,35岁,某研究所研究员,每月税前收入为7000元;张女士,31岁,股份制银行支行信贷员,每月税前收入为5000元,年终有20000元的奖金。夫妻的小宝贝刚刚1周岁。目前夫妻两人与张女士的父母住在一起,两位老人每月有1000元的收入。王先生
贷款受理人应要求商用房贷款申请人以()形式提出贷款申请。
(2018年)研发、生产治疗糖尿病药品的仁康公司采用平衡计分卡进行绩效管理。下列各项中,属于该公司的平衡计分卡内部流程角度包括的内容有()。
甲公司2×19年度发生的有关交易或事项如下:(1)1月1日,与乙公司签订股权转让协议,以发行权益性证券方式取得乙公司80%的股权,作为长期股权投资核算。购买日,甲公司所发行权益性证券的公允价值为12000万元,乙公司可辨认净资产账面价值为13000万
基于供应的配送中心是一种集商流和物流为一体的模式。这种配送中心模式的行为主体是生产企业或销售企业,配送仅作为一种促销手段而与商流融合为一体。
根据过度学习的研究,如果小学生读4遍后能够完整背诵一首诗,要想达到最佳记忆效果,还应背诵()。
鲁迅的著作不是一天能读完的,《狂人日记》是鲁迅的著作,因此,《狂人日记》不是一天能读完的。下列哪项最为恰当地指出了上述推理的逻辑错误?
WhydoweneedtheEnglishmajor?The【C1】________isineverymouth—or,atleast,isdiscussedextensivelyincolumnsand【C2】____
在窗体上画一个名称为Command1的命令按钮,并编写如下程序:PrivateTypeRecord IDAsInteger NameAsString*20EndTypePrivateSubCommand1_Click()
Autismisageneral【76】te______foragroupofbraindisordersthatlimitthedevelopmentofsocialandcommunicationskills,whi
最新回复
(
0
)