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  3. When the temperature of a liquid is raised enough, the liquid boils. This means that bubbles of vapor, containing millions of mo

When the temperature of a liquid is raised enough, the liquid boils. This means that bubbles of vapor, containing millions of mo

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问题     When the temperature of a liquid is raised enough, the liquid boils. This means that bubbles of vapor, containing millions of molecules, form below the surface. In order for such bubbles to be produced, the pressure of the vapor inside them must be equal to the pressure of the air upon the surface of the liquid. If the air pressure is greater, the bubble will collapse. The boiling point of a liquid, then, is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid is equal to the atmospheric pressure upon the liquid at the surface.
    The pressure of the atmosphere at sea level is about one kilogram per square centimeter. We call this pressure one atmosphere. The boiling point of a liquid, therefore, is the temperature at which its vapor pressure equals one atmosphere. The boiling point of water is 100 Celsius; of ethyl alcohol 78.5 Celsius; of mercury, 356.9 Celsius.
    If the pressure on the surface of the water is reduced, the boiling point will be lower. Now the higher up we go from sea level, the lower the atmospheric pressure becomes, since there is less air to press upon us. Hence, while water boils at sea level at a temperature of 100 Celsius, its boiling point on a mountain three kilometers high is only 90 Celsius. Since the temperature of water does not rise as a result of boiling, it would take you longer to cook potatoes or carrots in boiling water on the mountain than it would at sea level.
In this passage the phrase "one atmosphere"( Line 8 )means" ______".
选项 A、the mixture of gases that surrounds any heavenly body
B、one kilogram per square centimeter
C、the feeling among a group or produced by the surroundings
D、producing feelings of mysterious beauty or strangeness
答案B
解析 本题为细节辨认题。在第二段开头提到“The pressure of the atmosphere at sea level it about one kilogram per square centimeter．We call this pressure one atmosphere．(海平面的大气压是每平方厘米一千克，我们称之为一个大气压。)”这里的“this pressure”指的就是上一句中的“The pressure of the atmosphere”，即“one kilogram per square centimeter”。
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