首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Controlling Your Concentration I. The concerned information of concentration A. Your attention span【T1】______【T1】______ e.g. th
Controlling Your Concentration I. The concerned information of concentration A. Your attention span【T1】______【T1】______ e.g. th
admin
2019-03-26
78
问题
Controlling Your Concentration
I. The concerned information of concentration
A. Your attention span【T1】______【T1】______
e.g. the ticking of a watch sounds
as if it increases and fades
although the intensity of it is constant
B. You pay attention to one thing at a time
— a(n)【T2】______: you attend to several concepts at a tune【T2】______
— In high concentration: the shift from focus of attention is
a)of short【T3】______【T3】______
b)【T4】______【T4】______
C.【T5】______ of your attention vary to different degrees【T5】______
— high level: long periods of attending: short distraction periods
— low level: short periods of attending: long distraction periods
— moderate level:【T6】______【T6】______
e.g. One can’t concentrate because【T7】______ are too strong【T7】______
II. Two sorts of distractors
A. Psychological distractors
—【T8】______ are the most powerful distractors【T8】______
a)angry man forgets the pain
b)fearful man is hard to be happy
c)anxious man is uneasy about the smallest of matters
— people act【T9】______ under pressure【T9】______
B.【T10】______【T10】______
— traits: always present and rarely understood
— physical distractors on mental tasks
a)background music could affect
comprehension and【T11】______【T11】______
b)distractors affect the ability to recall accurately
c)【T12】______ affects mental task adversely【T12】______
III. Routine and【T13】______ are affected differently by distractors【T13】______
A. Distraction may not affect【T14】______in some backgrounds【T14】______
B. Exceptional people do well under【T15】______ because【T15】______
— motivation plays importantly
— differences exist in individual spans of attention
【T8】
Controlling Your Concentration
Good morning, everyone. Today our topic is on how to control your concentration. First of all, we have to look at definition of concentration. Psychologically defined, concentration is the process of centering one’s attention over a period of time. In practical application, however, concentration is not as simple to deal successfully with as the definition may imply. For this reason, it is helpful to keep the following points in mind.
The first point your attention span varies. Even with the greatest effort, our span of attention fluctuates. You can demonstrate for yourself this fluctuation of attention. In a quiet room, place a watch so that it can just scarcely be heard. Listen carefully and notice how the ticking increases in apparent intensity, fades to a point where it cannot be heard, and then increases a-gain. This phenomenon reveals how our span of attention fluctuates, for the intensity of the ticking is actually constant.
Secondly, you pay attention to one thing at a time. Evidence to date indicates that you attend to one idea at a time. It is possible for your attention to shift so rapidly that it seems that you attend to several concepts at once. But apparently this is only an illusion. In high concentration the shift from the focus of attention is of short duration and relatively infrequent.
Thirdly, we will talk about levels of high, moderate, and low attention. High-level attention has long periods of attending and short distraction periods. In low-level attention the periods of attending are short and the distraction periods long. In moderate-level attention, there is a mixture of the extremes. Thus it is easy to see that it is highly unlikely that the student who has most of his attention centered on fancying at large will be able to recall even the major points of a lecture. Lack of concentration is a symptom, not a cause, of difficulty. When a student says "I can’t concentrate", what he is really saying is, "I can’t attend to the task at hand because my distractors are too strong."
Fourthly, we come to the two sorts of distractors—psychological and physical. A distractor is anything which causes attention to vary from a central focal point. In the study situation distractors may be thought of as either psychological or physical in nature. Both types of distractors must be understood before the student can attempt to remedy his lack of concentration It has been proven by scientists that emotions are the most powerful distractors. The angry man forgets the pain of injury, the fearful man finds it difficult to enjoy pleasure and the tense or anxious person may react violently to the smallest of matters. In the student’s life there are many psychological pressures and tensions which block effective productivity. The fears about making the grade, the doubts of the friendliness of a friend’s behaviour and the pressures of limited finances—these are only a few of the emotional forces which affect the student. Emotional reaction varies greatly from person to person. Some persons gain goal and direction from their tensions and actually do better because of them. Others fall apart under pressure, while a few people do well despite the pressure. Physical distractors are always present and rarely understood. Our environment is much more important to how we feel and react than we often think. Particularly is this true of the effect of physical distractors on mental tasks. One research report has shown that comprehension and retention of reading were decreased when students listened to lively music. However, rate of reading was not affected, so that many students were not aware that they were affected by the background distractor. Another study found that the ability to recall accurately was affected by distracting conditions. Most of the evidence indicates that noise affects adversely higher mental task output. Still, the effect of distractors is seldom fully appreciated by students.
Next, we are going to talk about routine and reasoning tasks are affected differently by distractors. Many routine tasks can be performed with distraction in the background with little or no adverse effect on output. Most students have found this fact to be true from their own experience. They may have had high school homework which was drill or merely copying assignments. It was possible to do such work with the latest recordings or the television set playing in the background. In time such students began to feel certain that they could do all work—routine or problem-solving—in the same manner. The evidence indicates the contrary conclusion.
Last but not least, we’ve got to remember that exceptions may mislead you. Typically when students are faced with the evidence on distractors the argument is given that their cousin, friend, or classmate can study in "Grand Central Station" And he makes "all A’s" too! There is evidence, of course, that motivation plays an important role in overcoming the effects of distractors and that there are considerable differences in individual spans of attention. Either of these factors could account for some individuals being able to do well using inefficient methods. The fact that some exceptional people do well under adverse conditions scarcely justifies your assuming that you are exceptional in the same manner. Your chances of success are higher if you avoid the distracters which are known to hinder the typical student.
To sum up what we have discussed today. Generally speaking, today we mainly focused on concentrations and we have provided with you six suggestions on how to control your concentration. We hope these suggestions will be helpful.
选项
答案
emotions
解析
录音提到,科学家证实情绪(emotions)是造成分心的最大因素。由此可知填入emotions。若笔记中没有记录,还可根据题目中的angry,fearful,anxious进行推断,这些词分别表达了各种情绪。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/GAEK777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
PreventingCrossCulturalMiscommunicationMiscommunicationshappenallthetimebetweenpeoplewhosenativelanguagesarediffe
TheUnitedStatesisconsideredamultilingualcountrybutithasneveremployedanofficiallanguagepolicy.EventhoughEngl
Weuselanguageeveryday.Weliveinaworldofwords.Hardlyanymomentpasseswithsomeonetalking,writingor【S1】______read
TheHouseisexpectedtopassapieceoflegislationThursdaythatseekstosignificantlyrebalancetheplayingfieldforunion
Yoga,theancientpracticeofpostures,breathingandmeditation,isgainingalotofattentionfromthematerialworldthati
AudienceofWritingAudienceisaveryimportantconceptforwriting.Youneedtoanalyzeyouraudienceintermsofthefoll
HowtoWriteaResearchReportAstandardformatwillhelpreaderstolocatetheinformationtheywantquickly.Itistruethat
TeachingEnglishThroughChildren’sLiteratureI.Theroleofstoriesandstorytellinginlanguageteaching—storiesareused
A、By6%.B、Byl4%.C、By41%.D、By65%.C根据句(8)可知,单在印度,快餐产业就以每年41%的速度增长。因此答案为[C]。
A、In2012.B、In2003.C、In1961.D、In1954.A句(1)中,女士介绍PaulHendrickson时说,在2012年他因为一本关于海明威的书获得了人生中的第二次HeartlandPrize。因此答案为[A]。
随机试题
阅读《谏逐客书》中的一段文字,回答下列问题:所以饰后宫、充下陈、娱心意、说耳目者,必出于秦然后可,则是宛珠之簪、傅玑之珥、阿缟之衣、锦绣之饰,不进于前。而随俗雅化、佳冶窈窕赵女不立于侧也。夫击瓮叩缶,弹筝搏髀,而歌呼呜呜,快耳目者,真秦之声也;《
对于视网膜母细胞瘤的常见CT表现,下列描述错误的是
如果在初步可行性研究和可行性研究阶段进行敏感分析,常用选用的指标包括()。
公司债券按()分类,有公募和私募两种。
在学校教育的构成要素中,教育者是指教师。()
教学评价就是对学生学业成绩的评价。()
下列关于马斯洛需要层次理论中五种需求由低到高排列正确的是()。①安全需要②自我实现需要③生理需要④归属和爱的需要⑤尊重需要
长夏江村事事幽对于()相当于()对于送别
下列选项中,表述正确的是()。
A、Arandomselectionof20%ofthemushrooms.B、Athoroughcheckofallthemushrooms.C、Fullcompensationforanyloss.D、Free
最新回复
(
0
)