首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Man, so the truism goes, lives increasingly in a man-made environment. This places a special burden on human immaturity, for it
Man, so the truism goes, lives increasingly in a man-made environment. This places a special burden on human immaturity, for it
admin
2010-05-14
22
问题
Man, so the truism goes, lives increasingly in a man-made environment. This places a special burden on human immaturity, for it is plain that adapting to such variable conditions must depend very heavily on opportunities for learning, or whatever the processes are that are operative (luring immaturity. It must also mean that during immaturity man must master knowledge and skills that are either stored in the gene pool or learned by direct encounter, but which are contained in the culture pool-- knowledge about values and history, skills as varied as an obligatory natural language or an optional mathematical one, as mute as levers or as articulate as myth telling.
Yet, it would be a mistake to leap to the conclusion that because human immaturity makes possible high flexibility, therefore anything is possible for the species. Human traits were selected for their survival value over a four--to five-million-year period with a great acceleration of the selection process during the last half of that period. There were crucial, irreversible changes during that final man-making period: recession of formidable dentition, 50 percent increase in brain volume, the obstetrical paradox--bipedalism and strong pelvic girdle, larger brain through a smaller birth canal immature brain at birth, and creation of what Washburn has called a "technical-social way of life, involving tool and symbol use.
Note, however, that hominidization consisted principally of adaptations to conditions in the Pleistocene. These preadaptations, shaped in response to earlier habitat demands, are part of man’s evolutionary inheritance. This is not to say that close beneath the skin of man is a naked ape, that civilization is only a veneer. The technical-social way of life is a deep feature of the species adaptation. But we would .err if we assumed a priori that man’s inheritance placed no constraint on his power to adapt. Some of the preadaptations can be shown to be presently maladaptive. Man’s inordinate fondness for fats and sweets no longer serves his individual survival well. And the human obsession with sexuality is plainly not fitted for survival of the species now, however well it might have served to population the upper Pliocene and the Pleistocene. Nevertheless, note that the species responds typically to these challenges by technical innovation rather than by morphological or behavioral change. Contraception dissociates sexuality from reproduction. We do not, of course, know what kinds and what range of stresses are produced by successive rounds of such technical innovation. Dissociating sexuality and reproduction, for example, surely produces changes in the structure of the family, which in turn redefine the role of women, which in turn alters the authority pattern affecting the child, etc. continuing and possible acceleration change seems inherent in such adaptation. And this, of course, places and enormous pressure on man’s uses of immaturity, preparing the young for unforeseeable change--the more so if there are severe restraints imposed by human preadaptations to earlier conditions of life.
The author is most probably addressing which of the following audiences?
选项
A、Medical students in a course on human anatomy.
B、College students in an introductory course on archaeology.
C、Psychologists investigating the uses of human immaturity.
D、Biologists trying to trace the course of human evolution.
答案
C
解析
逻辑推理题。C所提到的audience最为恰当,因为文章强调的是human immaturity。A的内容有可能针对medical students,但主题不是有关anatomy。则B犯的是同样的错误,或许给大学生做讲座,但内容不是archaelogy。D项的生物学家有可能,但是讨论的焦点是当前的问题,而不是人种的起源。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/GBlO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
A、Buildingfriendshipsacrosscultures.B、Promotingdifferentculturesofdifferentnations.C、Performingtraditionalactivities
Whattodonow?SchoolofficialsaroundthecountryareaskingthatquestionfollowingaSupremeCourtdecisionrejectingracial
Whattodonow?SchoolofficialsaroundthecountryareaskingthatquestionfollowingaSupremeCourtdecisionrejectingracial
A、SouthAfricahasspentquitesometimeinquestioningthedrugs’efficacyandsafety.B、Thenationisfinallyembracingallap
SincetheendofWorldWarII,abroadconsensusinsupportofglobaleconomicintegrationasaforceforpeaceandprosperityh
Howisitthatthelouderthecallsfor"civility,"thelesscivilthebehavior?OnAmericancampusestoday,thecallforcivili
Expertsestimatethatsomewherebetween【B1】______and【B2】______ofeverythingwecommunicateisnonverbal.Waysofnonverbalcommu
Walmart’sdecisiononFeb.19toraiseitsbasewageto$9anhour,$1.75higherthanthefederalminimum,hasbeenheralded
Fromthefirstparagraphwecaninferthat______.Whycan’tacomputertranslationsubstituteforknowledgeofdifferentlangu
Late-nightcomedianshadafielddayinthesummerof2002whenalawsuitaccusingMcDonald’sofmakingtwoteenagecustomersin
随机试题
邻菲哕啉比色法测定葡萄酒中的铁时,试液的pH对显色影响较大,必须严格控制pH在7~9再加显色剂。
A.急性早幼粒细胞性白血病B.慢性淋巴细胞性白血病C.急性单核细胞性白血病D.急性淋巴细胞性白血病E.慢性粒细胞性白血病化疗过程中易发生或加重DIC
患者,男,20岁。眩晕,动则加剧,劳累即发,不寐心悸,神疲懒言,倦怠食少,唇甲不华,舌质淡,脉细弱。其治法是
有关颈椎病的鉴别诊断中,下列哪一项不是肩周炎的临床表现()
血小板计数正常值参考范围是()
钻井法凿井施工中,泥浆洗井具有()的作用。
这下轮到我难堪了,我觉得自己像个跳梁小丑,明明输得______,还在那里沾沾自喜。更让我______的是,转败为胜的她并不______。而是乘胜追击,不动声色地提出两个问题来要与我“共同探讨”。填入横线部分最恰当的一项是()。
It’salong_____toGuangzhou.
Thestate’splasticbagbanwas100%successful.
Accordingtothetheoryof______,literaturemustbetruetolifeandexactlyreproducesreallife,includingallitsdetailswi
最新回复
(
0
)