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  3. The biggest danger facing the global airline industry is not the effects of terrorism, war, SARS and economic downturn. It is th

The biggest danger facing the global airline industry is not the effects of terrorism, war, SARS and economic downturn. It is th

admin2009-04-27  98
问题     The biggest danger facing the global airline industry is not the effects of terrorism, war, SARS and economic downturn. It is that these blows, which have helped ground three national flag carriers and force two American airlines into bankruptcy, will divert attention from the inherent weaknesses of aviation, which they have exacerbated. (46)As in the crisis that attended the first Gulf War, many airlines hope that traffic will soon bounce back, and a few catastrophic years will be followed by fuller planes, happier passengers and a return to profitability. Yet the industry’s problems are deeper—and older—than the trauma of the past two years implies.
    As the centenary of the first powered flight approaches in December, the industry it launched is still remarkably primitive. (47)The car industry, created not long after the Wright Brothers made history, is now a global industry dominated by a dozen firms, at least half of which make good profits. Yet commercial aviation consists of 267 international carriers and another 500-plus domestic ones. (48)The world’s biggest carrier, American Airlines, has barely 7% of the global market, whereas the world’s biggest carmaker, General Motors, has (with its associated firms) about a quarter of the world’s automobile market.
    Aviation has been incompletely deregulated, and in only two markets: America and Europe. Everywhere else deals between governments dictate who flies under what rules. (49)These aim to preserve state-owned national flag-carriers, run for prestige rather than profit and numerous restrictions on foreign ownership hinder cross-border airline mergers.
    In America, the big network carriers face barriers to exit, which have kept their route networks too large. Trade unions resisting job cuts and Congressmen opposing route closures in their territory conspire to block change. In Europe, liberalization is limited by bilateral deals that prevent, for instance, British Airways (BA) flying to America from Frankfurt or Paris. To use the car industry analogy, it is as if only Renaults were allowed to drive on French motorways.
(50)In airlines, the optimists are those who think that things are now so bad that the industry has no option but to evolve. Frederick Reid, president of Delta Air Lines, said that events since the September 11th attacks are the equivalent of a meteor strike, changing the climate and leading to a "compressed evolutionary cycle". So how, looking on the bright side, might the industry look after five years of accelerated development?
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答案正如在第一次海湾战争这样的危机中，许多航空公司都希望运输业可以从多灾多难的几年中很快恢复，期盼随之而来的是更满的乘客机舱、更加开心的乘客，并且恢复盈利。
解析 本句为复合句，句子主干结构为many airlines hope。As in the crisis…是句子状语；that attended the first Gulf War为定语从句，修饰先行词crisis。that traffic will soon bounce back，and a few catastrophic years will be followed…是hope的宾语从句；fuller planes，happier passengers and a return to profitability为被动语态中的宾语，是动作follow的执行者。英语说明文或议论文中经常使用被动语态，但中文则常用主动形式，因此将句中的be followed by…译成主动。bounce back意为"恢复元气"；catastrophic意为"灾难的"。翻译时注意在正确理解句意的同时，将各部分结合起来进行翻译。这里traffic will soon bounce back，and。few catastrophic years应译成"从多灾多难的几年中很快恢复"，这样既忠实原句，句子又非常通顺。
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