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  3. Japan is going through a complex national identity crisis. That may be no bad thing, says a new book by an American researcher.

Japan is going through a complex national identity crisis. That may be no bad thing, says a new book by an American researcher.

admin2012-04-05  61
问题     Japan is going through a complex national identity crisis. That may be no bad thing, says a new book by an American researcher. The economy is ceased making progress, but the society is in motion. Japan is a difficult country to report on and analyze because things do not change in big, noticeable ways. They change in an increasing process, generally of small steps but which, over time, can add up to big movements. And just such a big movement seems to be taking place.
    Mr. Nathan has been observing Japan since the 1960s. Whereas most people look at economic data or the comings and goings of prime ministers, he is more interested in schools, novels, comic books, and the minds of young entrepreneurs and maverick (持不同意见的) local politicians. In particular, his focus is on whether Japan’s famously cohesive, conformist society may be breaking under the strain of economic stagnation (停滞), and on how such strains have been affecting the country’s sense of purpose and of national identity.
    Fractures (分裂) are what he looks for and fractures are what he finds. On balance, they are neither obviously dangerous nor obviously positive, but they are, as he says, signs of motion which could, in time, lead in unpredictable directions. The most worrying factures he writes about are in the schools where violence and truancy (逃学) have risen remarkably. Old Japan hands shrug wearily at such things, for worries about violence have long existed but have never really seemed terribly serious. Now, though, Mr. Nathan’s numbers do make the situation look grave.
    Such trends appear to be symptoms of two related phenomena: a widespread feeling of disillusionment, alienation, uncertainty or plain anger, which has spread to children, too; and a gradual breakdown of old systems of discipline — part familial, part social, part legal — which, appear to prevent schools and parents from dealing effectively with children behaving in a bad way.
    Japan is, in short, passing through a national identity crisis. However, there are plenty of positive aspects to it, too. One is a considerable increase in the number of actual or budding young entrepreneurs. The numbers remain modest, but are nevertheless surprisingly high given the state of the economy in recent years. Another is a new eagerness among popular writers and maverick politicians to try to define and encourage a new national pride.
What is said about the social changes in Japanese society?
选项 A、They often happen on a large scale but end up in a small effect.
B、They are always accompanied by a national identity crisis.
C、They take place without being analyzed because of their complexity.
D、They take place in small ways but result in huge accumulative consequences.
答案D
解析 文章首段第五句提到，日本社会的变化是一个渐进的过程，发生的一系列变化虽然总的来说很小，但随着时间推移，这能够积聚成大的变革。D)“事物发生小变化，但能产生巨大的累积后果”与原文意思相符，故为答案。A)与原文意思相反，故排除。首段第三句提到，经济停滞但社会却在发生变化，该句并未说明日本社会的变化总伴随着民族认同危机，故排除B)。首段第四句提到，日本是个难以分析的复杂的国家，但这并不代表其社会变化不被人们分析，故排除C)。
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