首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
How long had business-centered electronic commerce developed?
How long had business-centered electronic commerce developed?
admin
2009-06-24
57
问题
How long had business-centered electronic commerce developed?
W: When did the age of electronic commerce begin?
M: Business-centered electronic commerce began more than two decades ago with the introduction of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) between firms (sending and receiving order, delivery and payment information, etc.). Even consumer-oriented electronic commerce has a rather long history: each time you sue automatic teller machines or present your credit cards, you transact business electronically. These EDI and ATM, however, operate in a closed system; they are of a more convenient communications medium, strictly between the parties allowed in. The World Wide Web (WWW), the Internet’s client-server, opened up a new age by combining the open Internet and the easy user interface. WWW was created at the CERN Lab for Particle Physics in Geneva in 1991 (with its Mosaic, the predecessor of Netscape). It took two years for Mosaic to penetrate the Internet, and another two years before businesses and the general public took notice of its potential.
W: Is EC here to stay? Will it be here but gone tomorrow?
M: EC, and the Internet, is not a fashion because of its widespread effects. Some may find it useless to open a web store; but web stores do not make electronic commerce or the digital economy. There will be new types of interfaces (browsers and protocols) and new (privatized) network, but what the WWW represents is our march toward the digital economy and knowledge-based society. Technologies, the Web and other processes are but a means of achieving that goal.
W: Will EC be limited because not many people can afford PCs and/or get access to the Internet?
M: Today’s EC processes are based on personal computers because of their origin within the Internet, a network of computers. First stage of EC expansion is that within the installed base of computer users (more "connected" users). The second wave will come when more people get access to computers (via lowered computer prices or cheaper devices). The third, and more important, expansion is predicted to be from those with non-computer access to the global network: through broadcast TVs, cable TVs, telephone networks and new appliances. A widespread use of these cheaper access media represents the phase of "bringing workplace computers into the living room". However, the affordability of these devices, the easiness of use or the mode we access the network is less of an issue than how we will use these devices. Turning the computer into a convenient device like a TV is a goal in itself. For example, the speech-to-text technology will eventually make manual inputting unnecessary. In terms of productivity, it is hard to convince that computer hardware and software have met our expectation for making our work and life easier or more productive during the last decade. But what will we do with new inventions when we get them? Delivering the same information but more conveniently? Selling the same entertainment and TV programs but with more efforts? The limiting factor will be our limited vision about the electronic future.
W: Are there different kinds of e-money?
M: Yes. In general, there are two distinct types of e-money: identified e-money and anonymous e-money (also known as digital cash). Identified e-money contains information revealing the identity of the person who originally withdrew the money from the bank. Also, in much the same manner as credit cards, identified e-money enables the bank to track the money as it moves through the economy. Anonymous e-money works just like real paper cash. Once anonymous e-money is withdrawn from an account, it can be spent or given away without leaving a transaction trail. You create anonymous e-money by using blind signatures rather than non-blind signatures. To better understand blind signatures and their use with e-money, I highly recommend reading Chapters 1~6 of Bruce Schneier’s book Applied Cryptography. It is quite readable, even to the layman. He doesn’t get into the heavy-duty math until later in the book. Bruce does a very good job of describing the wide variety of interesting things you can do when you combine computers, networks, and security. There are two varieties of e-money for each type: online e-money and offline e-money. Online means you need to interact with a bank (via modem or network) to conduct a transaction with a third party. Offline means you can conduct a transaction with out having to directly involve a bank. Offline anonymous e-money (true digital cash) is the most complex form of e-money because of the double-spending problem.
选项
答案
The double-spending problem
解析
本题答案是对话的最后一句:Offline anonymous e-money (true digital cash)...the double-spending problem,即由于双重支付问题,线下匿名货币(即真正的电子现金)是电子货币中最为复杂的一种货币形式,其意就是这种双重支付的问题会给这种货币的使用和交易带来风险。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/GJTd777K
本试题收录于:
公共英语五级笔试题库公共英语(PETS)分类
0
公共英语五级笔试
公共英语(PETS)
相关试题推荐
AIftheGardeners’argumentwassoundBbecauseshewasclevererthanotherchimpsCwhenshewantedtoeatDwhileshewasat
AbrahamLincolnOnNovember19,1863,AbrahamLincolnwenttoGettysburginPennsylvaniatospeakattheNationalSoldiersC
Itislogicalthatadetailedlearningofplantsandtheirpropertiesmustbeextremelyancient.Oncemankindbeganfarming,th
GlobalWarmingFewpeoplenowquestiontherealityofglobalwarminganditseffectsontheworld’sclimate.Manyscientists
TheJoyofLivingAloneMoreandmoreAmericansarelivingalone.Somelivealonebecauseofdivorceorthedeathofapartne
ExplanationWhatdoesascientistdowhenheorshe"explains"something?Scientificexplanationcomesintwoforms:generalizat
Peoplethinkingabouttheoriginoflanguageforthefirsttimeusuallyarriveattheconclusionthatitdevelopedgraduallyas
Fromhervantagepointshewatchedthemaindoorsswingopenandthefirstarrivalspourin.Thosewhohadbeenattheheadoft
______isnotforboys?______doesnotofferanyscholarships?
______diedattheageof89?______wasusuallytooshytotakepartinhisbrothers’activitieswhenhewasyoung?
随机试题
简述常见的公共问题提出主体。
下列哪些激素可与核受体结合而调节转录过程
下列病证除哪项外,均可用防风治疗
患者,男,51岁。患胃癌2年。现症见脘痛剧烈,痛处固定,拒按,上腹肿块,肌肤甲错,眼眶黯黑,舌质紫暗,舌下脉络紫胀,脉弦涩。实验室检查:大便隐血试验示弱阳性。自服三七粉止血。治疗应首选
2014年1月1日,甲公司以1800万元自非关联方购人乙公司100%有表决权的股份,取得对乙公司的控制权;乙公司当日可辨认净资产的账面价值和公允价值均为1500万元。2015年度,乙公司以当年1月1日可辨认资产公允价值为基础计算实现的净利润为125万元
China’stradesurpluswiththeUSaccountedfor73percentofitstotalsurpluslastyear,butChinahadatrade______withother
京剧演员(),工武生,有“武生宗师”之盛誉。
宽带ISDN的协议分为几个面和几个层?()
UnpopularSubjects?Isthereaplaceintoday’ssocietyforthestudyofuselesssubjectsinouruniversities?Justover100yea
James:How’sKellydoing?Joan:______
最新回复
(
0
)