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  3. The evolution of the social sciences has reached a crucial point that might be called a phase change in which old, atomistic, an

The evolution of the social sciences has reached a crucial point that might be called a phase change in which old, atomistic, an

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问题      The evolution of the social sciences has reached a crucial point that might be called a phase change in which old, atomistic, and impressionistic ways of doing research are superseded by a far more systematic and united methodology. To bring social sciences to the level of rigor already achieved by some of the physical sciences, a new type of facility will be needed. This will be a trans-disciplinary, Internet-based collaboratory that will provide social and behavioral scientists with the databases, software and hardware tools, and other resources to conduct worldwide research that integrates experimental, survey, geographic, and economic methodologies on a much larger scale than was possible previously. This facility will enable advanced research and  professional  education in economics,  sociology,  political  science,  social geography, and related fields.
     In many branches of social sciences, a new emphasis on the rigor of formal laboratory experimentation has driven researchers to develop procedure and software to conduct online interaction experiment using computer terminals attached to local area networks. The opportunity to open these laboratories to the Internet will reduce the cost per research participant and increase greatly the number of institutions, researchers, students, and research participants who can take part. The scale of social sciences experimentation can increase by an order of magnitude or more, examining a much wider range of phenomena and ensuring great confidence in results through multiple replication of crucial studies.
     Technology  for  administering  questionnaires  to  very  large  numbers  of respondents over the Internet will revolutionize survey research. Data from past questionnaire surveys can be the springboard for new surveys with vastly larger numbers of respondents at lower cost than by traditional methods. Integrated researches can combine modules using both questionnaire and experimental methods.Results can be linked via geographic analysis to other sources of data including census information, economic statistics, and data from other experiments and surveys. Longitudinal studies will conduct time-series comparisons across data sets to chart social and economic trends. Each new study will be designed so that the data automatically and instantly becomes part of the archives, and scientific publications will be linked to the data sets on which they are based so that the network becomes a universal knowledge system.
Why do researchers begin to show interest in online interaction experiment?
选项 A、To reduce the cost per research participant.
B、To upgrade the level of rigor of research in social sciences.
C、To conduct worldwide research that was unfeasible before.
D、To take full advantage of achievements made by physical sciences.
答案B
解析 细节题。文章第二段指出：在许多社会科学分支领域里，对正规实验室实验方法的精确性的重新重视，促使了研究人员研究研发实验程序和软件，以便利用与局域网络连接的计算机终端进行网络互动式实验；通过一个或多个数量级可以扩大社会科学的实验规模，从而可以研究更广泛的现象，并通过多次重复关键性研究确保研究结果的可信度。这说明，原因是为了提高精确度。这与B的意思相符。文中是说“向互联网开放这些实验室，将会降低每个研究参与者的研究成本，大幅度增加能够参与研究的机构、研究人员、学者以及其他研究参与者的人数”，这是开放网络互动式实验可能带来的好处，不是研究人员开始对网络互动式实验感兴趣的原因，所以A不对；文中没有提到C和D。  
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