首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
(46) It is known that the brain shrinks as the body ages, but the effects on mental ability are different from person to person.
(46) It is known that the brain shrinks as the body ages, but the effects on mental ability are different from person to person.
admin
2011-02-25
61
问题
(46)
It is known that the brain shrinks as the body ages, but the effects on mental ability are different from person to person.
Interestingly, in a study of elderly men and women, those who had more education actually had more brain shrinkage.
"That may seem like bad news," said study author Dr. Edward Coffey, a professor of psychiatry and of neurology at Henry Ford Health System in Detroit. (47)
However, he explained, the finding suggests that education allows people to withstand more brain tissue loss before their mental functioning begins to break down.
The study, published in the July issue of Neurology, is the first to provide biological evidence to support a concept called the "reserve" hypothesis, according to the researchers. In recent years, investigators have developed the idea that people who are more educated have greater cognitive reserves to draw upon as the brain ages; in essence, they have more brain tissue to spare.
(48)
Examining brain scans of 320 healthy men and women aged 66 to 90, researchers found that for each year of education the subjects had, there was greater shrink age of the outer layer of the brain known as the cortex.
Yet on tests of cognition and memory, all participants scored in the range indicating normal.
"Everyone has some degree of brain shrinkage," Coffey said. "People lose (on average) 2.5 percent per decade starting in adulthood."
There is, however, a "remarkable range "of shrinkage among people who show no signs of mental decline, Coffey noted. Overall health, he said, accounts for some differences in brain size. Alcohol or drug use, as well as medical conditions such as diabetes and high blood pressure, contribute to brain tissue loss throughout adulthood.
In the absence of such medical conditions, Coffey said, education level helps explain the range of brain shrinkage exhibited among the mentally-fit elderly. The more-educated can withstand greater loss.
(49)
Coffey and colleagues gauged shrinkage of the cortex by measuring the cerebrospinal fluid surrounding the brain. The greater the amount of fluid, the greater the cortical shrinkage.
Controlling for the health factors that contribute to brain injury, the researchers found that education was related to the severity of brain shrinkage. For each year of education from first grade on, subjects had an average of 1.77 milliliters 11 more cerebrospinal fluid around the brain.
Just how education might affect brain cells is unknown. (50)
In their report, the researchers speculated that in people with more education, certain brain structures deeper than the cortex may stay intact to compensate for cortical shrinkage.
选项
答案
研究人员对320名年龄在66岁到90岁的身体健康的男子和女子的脑部扫描X光片研究后发现,受试者的受教育经历每多一年,其大脑外层叫做脑皮层的部位就多一份萎缩。
解析
句子的框架是Examining brain scans…,researchers found that…there was greater shrink age of the outer layer of the brain known as the cortex(脑皮层)。examining…是现在分词结构作时间状语,that引导宾语从句。此从句是个there be句型;the subjects had作为定语从句修饰education;known as the cortex作定语,修饰the outer layer of the brain。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/GOZ4777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Youhearagreatmanycomplaintstodayabouttheexcessivesecurityconsciousnessofouryoungpeople.Mycomplaintisthe(1)__
Youhearagreatmanycomplaintstodayabouttheexcessivesecurityconsciousnessofouryoungpeople.Mycomplaintisthe(1)__
Youhearagreatmanycomplaintstodayabouttheexcessivesecurityconsciousnessofouryoungpeople.Mycomplaintisthe(1)__
Google,thedominantInternetsearchcompany,isplanningtoraisethestakesinitsintensifyingcompetitionwithYahooandMic
TheauthorconsidersthosehistorianswhodescribeearlyfeministsintheUSas"solitary"tobeTheSenecaFallsconferenceon
Thepersonwhocanseeashipwithoutsomefeelingofexcitementmusthaveverylittleimagination.Eventheideaofleavingthe
Thepersonwhocanseeashipwithoutsomefeelingofexcitementmusthaveverylittleimagination.Eventheideaofleavingthe
ThesizeoftheEskimolanguagespokenbymostwhitesis______.Someoftheevidenceaboutlanguageinthepassageistakenfr
IntheUnitedStates,thefirstday-nurserywasopenedin1854.@Nurserieswereestablishedinvariousareasduringthe(1)_____
IntheUnitedStates,thefirstday-nurserywasopenedin1854.@Nurserieswereestablishedinvariousareasduringthe(1)_____
随机试题
药物的杂质检查中,其限量一般不超过百万分之十的是
【案例】男性,30岁。头痛、头晕,伴血压高2年。体检:BP190/110mmHg(右),180/100mmHg(左),心率76次/分,中上腹部可闻及血管杂音。辅助检查:血钾4.0mmol/L,钠140mmol/L,氯96mmol/L,空腹血糖7.0mmol
中药最本质的特点是
在高强度螺栓施工中,摩擦面的处理方法有()。
在重置抽样时,假设总体比例为0.2,从此总体中抽取容量为100的样本,则样本比例的标准差为()。
()表明在近N日内市场交易资金的增减状况。
个人经营贷款是指银行向从事合法生产经营的个人发放的,用于满足个人控制的企业(不包括个体工商户)生产经营流动资金需求和其他合理资金需求的贷款。()
长江公司系甲公司母公司,2013年6月30日,长江公司将其2011年12月10日购入的一台管理用设备出售给甲公司,销售价格为1000万元,出售时该设备账面价值为850万元(购入时入账价值为1000万元,预计使用年限为10年,采用年限平均法计提折旧,无残值)
推动长江经济带发展是党中央作出的重大决策,是关系国家发展全局的重大战略,对实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标、实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦具有重要意义。习近平在深人推动长江经济带发展座谈会上发表重要讲话,他指出,这次调研和召开座谈会的目的是
一般办公室人员可分成4类,其中办事人员属于()。
最新回复
(
0
)