2. 外语
  3. As a child must be able to move his arms and legs before he can learn to walk, the child must be capable of producing and experi

As a child must be able to move his arms and legs before he can learn to walk, the child must be capable of producing and experi

admin2012-08-05  60
问题     As a child must be able to move his arms and legs before he can learn to walk, the child must be capable of producing and experiencing particular emotions before these emotions can be modified through learning.
    Psychologists have found that there are two basic 【B1】______by which learning takes place. One kind of learning is called "classical conditioning. " This 【B2】______when one event or stimulus is 【B3】______ paired with, or followed by, a reward or punishment. It is through classical conditioning that a child learns to 【B4】______ his mother’s face and voice with happiness and love, for he learns that this person 【B5】______food and comfort.
    The second kind of learning is called "operant conditioning." This happens when an 【B6】______ learns to do things that produce rewards in his environment and learns not to do things that produce punishment. For example, if a mother always 【B7】______to her baby when he cries and 【B8】______ him until he is quiet, she may teach him that if he cries he will get attention from mother. 【B9】______
    Why is it that we learn to like some people and dislike others? If a person is nice to us, 【B10】______. On the other hand, 【B11】______, we learn to associate this person with negative feelings, such as unhappiness, discomfort, and anger.
【B10】
选项
答案we learn to associate this person with positivefeelings，such as joy，happiness，and friendliness
解析 听写关键词learn to，associate，positive feelings，joy，happiness，friendliness
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