首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Why has crime in the U.S. declined so dramatically since the 1990s? Economists and sociologists have offered a bounty of rea
Why has crime in the U.S. declined so dramatically since the 1990s? Economists and sociologists have offered a bounty of rea
admin
2017-02-24
15
问题
Why has crime in the U.S. declined so dramatically since the 1990s?
Economists and sociologists have offered a bounty of reasons, including more police, more security technology, more economic growth, more immigration, more imprisonment, and so on.
The "real" answer is almost certainly a combination of these factors, rather than one of them to the exclusion of the rest. But a new paper adds a surprising variable to the mix. What if the decline of crime in America started with the decline of cash?
Cash is critical to the health of an underground economy, because it’s anonymous, nearly untraceable, and easily stolen. This makes it the lifeblood of the black market.
But Americans are rapidly abandoning cash thanks to credit cards, debit cards, and mobile payments. Half a century ago, cash was used in 80 percent of U.S. payments. Now that figure is about 50 percent, according to researchers.
In the 1980s, the federal government switched from paper money to electronic benefit transfers. They didn’t switch all at once. They switched one county at a time within states. This created a kind of randomly controlled environment for the researchers, who studied Missouri’ s counties to establish whether the areas that switched from welfare cash to electronic transfers saw a concurrent decline in crime.
The results were striking: The shift away from cash was associated with "a significant decrease in the overall crime rate and the specific offenses of burglary and assault in Missouri and a decline in arrests." In other words, the counties saw a decline in specific crimes when they switched away from cash welfare.
Perhaps most interestingly, they found that the switch to electronic transfers reduced robbery but not rape, suggesting that the move away from cash only had an impact on crime related to getting and spending cash.
The move toward cashlessness in the U.S. continues quickly. Google now lets you attach mon ey to emails to send to friends, which means that for some shoppers, pulling out your credit card could become as rare as finding exact change in your coin purse. It might seem absurd to imagine Visa, Square, and Google Wallet as crime-fighting technologies. But with a better understanding of how cash’ s availability affects crime, perhaps the government should consider killing more than just the penny.
Which of the following cannot explain why cash is critical to the health of an underground economy?
选项
A、Cash is anonymous.
B、Cash is hardly traceable.
C、Cash is easily stolen.
D、Cash is the lifeblood of the black market.
答案
D
解析
细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第四段。第一句提到现金对于地下经济运转很重要的三个原因:现金可以匿名使用、现金难以追踪、现金容易被偷。分别对应A、B、C项。D项只是题干意思的同义表达,而不是原因,因此,正确答案是D。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/H9U7777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
Forgetthewidelyunlovedredesign.Facebookhascommittedagreateroffense.AccordingtoanewstudybydoctoralcandidateAry
Thehumannoseisanunderratedtool.Humansareoftenthoughttobeinsensitivesmellerscomparedwithanimals,butthisislar
A、Meetinginterestingpeopleinthecity.B、Beingabletoenjoybeingoutdoors.C、Drivinginunsettledweather.D、Takinglongdr
Since2007,theAmericanPsychologicalAssociation(APA)hasconductedasurveyofdifferentaspectsofstressinAmerica.Thisye
A、He’snotdecided,butheknowsheshouldn’tquit.B、Hedislikesthisjob,sohewillquitsoon.C、Helikesthejob,ifnotfor
Amanstepsonwhatseemslikesolidgroundbutdiscoverswithhorrorthatthegroundisgivingwaybeneathhisfeet.Themanst
A、Gettingrichquickly.B、Distinguishingoneself.C、Respectingindividualrights.D、Doingcredittoone’scommunity.B录音结尾提到,大部分
HongKonghastakenoverfromTokyoastheworld’smostexpensivecity,accordingtoalifestylesurvey.Italso【B1】______thega
A、Delegationisatickettoforeigntrade.B、Managersshouldn’tmerelybea"doer".C、Leadershipisabornability.D、Delegation
A、Thephoningfee.B、Themileage.C、Theareacode.D、Theareamap.C细节题。提到打长途电话后马上就说了需要“区号”,即C。选项D是强干扰项,注意areamap上面也有“区号”,所以区域图
随机试题
背景AB两栋相同住宅,总面积86000m2,施工分AB两区,设两栋号经理,每人负责一区,每分区配一专职安全员。项目经理认为,栋号经理负责每个区的安全生产,自己就不过问安全的事了。A区地下一层施工时,业主修改首层为底商,监理工程师通知地下
在微机内部,用来传送、存储、加工处理的信息表示形式是()。
出行:雾霾:口罩
(2011年江苏.A类.18)一1,2,1,8,19,()。
次贷危机的发生、蔓延原因有:()
在选择数据压缩算法时需要综合考虑(59)。
在计算机中,条码阅读器属于( )。
彩色胶卷
Willthemangoshoppingwiththewoman?
WhenCarlyFiorinabecameHewlett-Packard’sfirstfemalechiefexecutiveofficer,theexistenceofherhousehusband,FrankFiori
最新回复
(
0
)