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  3. 　　Dreaming is not simply a by-product of the sleep stage from which it emerges, called REM sleep. Instead, REM-sleep dreaming se

　　Dreaming is not simply a by-product of the sleep stage from which it emerges, called REM sleep. Instead, REM-sleep dreaming se

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问题 　　Dreaming is not simply a by-product of the sleep stage from which it emerges, called REM sleep. Instead, REM-sleep dreaming serves important benefits. Recent work in my neuroscience lab, and work of other scientists, has shown that dreams serve at least two key functions.
　　First is emotional first aid. It’s said that time heals all wounds, but our research suggests that instead, it is time spent in dream sleep that provides emotional convalescence. Dreaming is the only time when our brain is completely devoid of the stress-related molecule called noradrenaline. At the same time, key emotional- and memory-related structures of the brain are reactivated during REM sleep as we dream. During the act of dreaming, we are therefore able to reactivate emotional memories in a brain that’s free of this key stress chemical. As a result, we get the chance to reprocess upsetting memories in a safer, calmer environment.
　　To demonstrate this, we recently took a group of healthy adults and divided them into two groups. Both groups watched a series of emotion-inducing images inside an MRI scanner and we took snapshots of their brain activity. Twelve hours later, they came back and were shown the same emotional pictures. However, for half the participants, the 12-hour delay occurred across the same day. For the other half, that 12-hour delay took place across the night, and therefore included a full eight hours of sleep. Those who slept between the two sessions rated the images as far less emotional the next day. This was backed up by their MRI scans, with the emotional brain centers that create painful feelings showing a significant reduction in reactivity the following day. The reason was due to a re-engagement of the more rational frontal cortex of the brain, helping dampen down these deep emotional centers. In contrast, those who remained awake across the day showed no such calming of emotional feelings or associated brain activity.
　　The second benefit of REM dreaming is creativity. Consider my fellow Liverpudlian, Paul McCartney. His hit songs Yesterday and Let It Be both came to him by way of REM-inspired creativity. We can even turn to profound scientific discoveries like the construction of the periodic table, which came to Dmitri Mendeleev during a dream.
　　How does sleep do this? We now know that during the dreaming state, your brain interconnects vast swathes of acquired knowledge. Dreaming then extracts overarching rules and commonalities. You wake up the next day with a revised mind-wide-web of associations, allowing you to establish solutions to previously impenetrable problems. Dreaming is a form of informational alchemy.
Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
选项 A、How can We Repair Emotional Memories
B、What is the Emotional Brake
C、Why do We Dream
D、How Dreaming Boosts Our Creativity
答案C
解析 主旨题。解答主旨题的关键是通过把握各段的段落大意(一般位于段落的首尾句)来把握全文主旨。需要排除文章某一句或者某一段内容的干扰，这些信息很熟悉，但是由于过于局部而无法概括全文，如本题的选项A、选项B和选项D。选项A为第二段和第三段提到的部分内容，不足以概括全文，故排除；选项B是梦的第一个关键功能，也不足以概括全文，故排除；选项D为后两段提到的内容，也不足以概括全文，故排除：文章第一段开篇说明做梦的重要性，具有两大关键功能，第二段和第三段说明第一个关键功能是情感急救，最后两段说明第二个关键功能是创造力，做梦具备这两个关键功能，这就是我们会做梦的原因，选项C与文意最贴切，故选项C正确。
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