首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Are Computers Alive? The topic of thought is one area of psychology, and many observers have considered this aspect in conne
Are Computers Alive? The topic of thought is one area of psychology, and many observers have considered this aspect in conne
admin
2019-04-07
82
问题
Are Computers Alive?
The topic of thought is one area of psychology, and many observers have considered this aspect in connection with robots and computers: some of the old worries about AI—artificial intelligence— were closely linked to the question of whether computers could think. The first massive electronic computers, capable of rapid(if often unreliable)computation and little or no creative activity were soon called "electronic brains. " A reaction to this terminology quickly followed. To put them in their place, computers were called "high-speed idiots," an effort to protect human vanity. In such a climate, the possibility of computers actually being alive was rarely considered: it was bad enough that computers might be capable of thought. But not everyone realized the implications of the highspeed idiot tag. It has not been pointed out often enough that even the human idiot is one of the most intelligent life forms on Earth. If the early computers were even that intelligent, it was already a remarkable state of affairs.
One consequence of speculation about the possibility of computer thought was that we were forced to examine with new care the idea of thought in general. It soon became clear that we were not sure what we meant by such terms as thought and thinking. We tend to assume that human beings think, some more than others, though we often call people thoughtless or unthinking. Dreams cause a problem , partly because they usually happen outside our control. They are obviously some type of mental experience, but are they a type of thinking? And the question of nonhuman life forms adds further problems. Many of us would maintain that some of the higher animals—dogs, cats, apes, and so on—are capable of at least basic thought, but what about fish and insects? It is certainly true that the higher mammals show complex brain activity when tested with the appropriate equipment. If thinking is demonstrated by evident electrical activity in the brain, then many animal species are capable of thought. Once we have formulated clear ideas on what thought is in bio-logical creatures, it will be easier to discuss the question of thought in artifacts(人工制品). And what is true of thought is also true of many other mental processes. One of the immense benefits of AI research is that we are being forced to check carefully the working of the human mind.
It is already clear that machines have superior mental abilities to many life forms. No fern or oak tree can play chess as well as even the simplest digital computer: nor can frogs weld(焊接)car bodies as well as robots. The mechanical manipulator is cleverer in some ways than the three-toed sloth(树獭). It seems that, viewed in terms of intellect, the computer should be set well a-bove plants and most animals. Only the higher animals can, it seems, compete with computers with regard to intellect—and even then with diminishing success.(Examples of this are in the games of chess. Some of the world’s best players are now computers.)
What does the author say about machines thinking?
选项
A、It is somewhat possible.
B、It is totally impossible.
C、It will not be realized too soon.
D、It may surpass human thinking someday.
答案
A
解析
文章第三段第一句提到It is already clear that machines have superior mental abilities tomany life forms。由此可知选项A正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/HCjK777K
本试题收录于:
D类竞赛(专科)题库大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)分类
0
D类竞赛(专科)
大学生英语竞赛(NECCS)
相关试题推荐
SalesWhenastoresells【T1】_____________________atacostlowerthanusual,itiscalledasale.Saleslastfor【T2】____
Readcarefullythefollowingexcerptonthedevelopmentofrobots,andthenwriteyourresponseinNOLESSTHAN200words,inwh
A、Iamtheparent,andIamcomfortablebeingincharge.B、Pleasedon’tannoyme,orIwillpunishyou.C、Iamtheparent,andI
CanTeachingGrammarReallyBeFun?【T1】________amongaverageteachers【T1】________
CanTeachingGrammarReallyBeFun?【T1】________amongaverageteachers【T1】________
________humanbehaviormaybecausedbyeatingsubstancesthatupsetthedelicatechemicalbalanceinthebrain.
Mrs.Robsoninvitedustodinnerafter________.
A、75%.B、45%.C、30%.D、25%.B细节题。根据句[8-1]和句[8_2]可知,工业的能源消耗差不多是全球能源消耗的45%。因此,B为答案。
A.equallyB.compensateC.distinctionD.givenE.qualifyF.fairerG.concerned
A、Adviceforfamilylife.B、Advicefordatingstuff.C、Adviceforeverydaylife.D、AdviceforChristmasgifts.B根据原文可知,网站绝大多数作者和
随机试题
应用顺铂化疗时,为减轻肾脏损害,患者每小时尿量应大于_________ml。
战国中期,提出“暴君放伐”法律主张的思想家是()
Applesareatypeofwidely-cultivatedfruitthatgrowson【21】.Appletreesgrowincoldandtemperateareas【22】theworld.There
全国人大常委会修订并通过的《药品管理法》规定,从事生产、销售假药的企业,其直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员应承担的法律责任是
法院调解的特征体现在()。
下列属于目前世界上现存最早的、标有确切日期的雕版印刷品的是()。
旧民主主义革命向新民主主义革命转变的经济条件是()。
设z=z(x,y)由∫1x+y+zdt=x2+y2+z确定,求dx.
有两个关系R和T如下:则由关系R得到关系T的操作是
Completethesummarybelow.WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.MajorProblemsofaCompanySincethecompanyopened
最新回复
(
0
)