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  3. Recent research has shown that the stress hormone Cortisol (皮质醇) damages certain neurons in the brain and can negatively affect

Recent research has shown that the stress hormone Cortisol (皮质醇) damages certain neurons in the brain and can negatively affect

admin2022-12-30  54
问题     Recent research has shown that the stress hormone Cortisol (皮质醇) damages certain neurons in the brain and can negatively affect memory and learning ability in the elderly. Researchers wanted to find out if laughter altered its effects. They proved that laughing could dramatically improve your health—and be as good for you as a deep state of meditation (冥想).
    Dr. Lee Berk said, "It’s simple. The less stress you have, the better your memory. Humor reduces harmful stress hormones like Cortisol that decrease memory hippocampal neurons, lowers your blood pressure, and increases blood flow and your mood state. The act of laughter—or simply enjoying some humor—increases the release of endorphins (内啡肽) and dopamine (多巴胺) in the brain, which provides a sense of pleasure and reward. These positive and beneficial neurochemical changes, in turn, make the immune system function better. There are even changes in brain wave activity towards what’s called the ’gamma wave band frequency’, which also increases memory and recall. Joyful laughter immediately produces the same brain wave frequencies experienced by people in a true meditative state. "
    A 20-minute laugh-inducing funny video was shown to a group of healthy elderly individuals and a group of elderly people with diabetes (糖尿病). The groups were then asked to complete a memory assessment that measured their learning, recall, and sight recognition. Their performance was compared to a control group of elderly people who also completed the memory assessment, but were not shown a funny video. Cortisol concentrations for both groups were also recorded at the beginning and end of the experiment.
    The research team found a significant decrease in Cortisol concentrations among both groups who watched the video. Video-watchers also showed greater improvement in all areas of the memory assessment when compared to controls, with the diabetic group seeing the most dramatic benefit in Cortisol level changes and the healthy elderly seeing the most significant changes in memory test scores.
How does the Cortisol affect memory ability in the elderly?
选项 A、It causes damage to some neurons.
B、It changes the brain wave frequency.
C、It slows down certain brain activities.
D、It negatively affects brain cell activities.
答案A
解析 由题干中的the cortisol和memory ability定位至第一段第一句。细节辨认题。定位句提到，压力荷尔蒙皮质醇损害大脑中的某些神经元。影响老年人的记忆力和学习能力。由此可知，A)符合原文，为本题答案。
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