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  3. New ice core samples taken from the centre of the Greenland ice-sheet have given a detailed record of the last "interglacial (间冰

New ice core samples taken from the centre of the Greenland ice-sheet have given a detailed record of the last "interglacial (间冰

admin2010-09-10  75
问题     New ice core samples taken from the centre of the Greenland ice-sheet have given a detailed record of the last "interglacial (间冰期)" which rail from about 135,000 to 115,000 years ago. The cores, taken from a depth of 2,780 to 2,870 metres, show that during this peroid the climate oscillated(摆动) between three states instead of remaining in one, as in the whole of recorded human history. The middle state was like our own, but the others were either’ much colder or warmer.
    Worse, it seems that the climate flipped from one condition to another very rapidly. "It apparently took very little time, perhaps less than a decade or two, to shift between the states," Dr. J.C. W. White of the Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research at the University of Colorado wrote earlier this year in the scientific journal, Nature: "We humans have built a remarkable socio-economic system during perhaps the  only time when it could be built, when the climate was stable enough to let us develop the agricultural  infrastructure(基础设施) required to maintain an advanced society."
    We do not know why we have been so blessed. But if the Earth had an operating manual, the chapter on climate might begin with a warning that the system has been adjusted at the factory for optimum comfort-- so don’t touch the dials.
    Unfortunately, we have been "twidling the knobs (旋钮)" for decades. In December 1995 the official Intergovernmental Panel on Climatic Change ( 1PCC. , which represents the work of 2,000 top meteorologists  from around the world, concluded that global warming due to human activities is probably already taking place. Global warming sounds deceptively favorable to inhabitants of countries which currently experience  harsh winters. In fact, with global warming, the world would struggle to cope with the effects of even a steady, gradual warming. This was spelt out to members of the British Royal Society by Sir John Houghton, chairman both of Britain’ s Royal Commission of Environmental Pollution and of one of the main IPCC working groups.  Houghton pat forward the IPCC picture of seas flooding much of Egypt, southern China and Bangladesh, making "many millions" of people homeless; of horde’s of "environmental  refugees" and of wars breaking out over dwidling (becoming gradually smaller) fresh water’ supplies, as world rainfall patterns changed.
    There is at least a chance that the world could adapt to steady warming if it happened slowly enough. However, many scientists, believe that even this prediction from the IPCC is too cautious.
According to the passgae, the sentence "But if the earth…for optimum comfort" (in the 3rd paragraph) means
选项 A、there is an unseen hand controlling the earth’ s movement
B、there is an operating manual warning people against air-conditioning in the factory
C、people should prepare operating manuals to tell workers how to get greater comfort
D、people have been enjoying the most comfortable climate in Earth’ s history.
答案D
解析 第三小段第二、三句中，地球被比喻成一个工厂，人类就是在里面工作生活的工人。按常理，工人应遵循操作手则的规定(operating manual)。根据文中的比喻，这一手册的第一章(也就是首要的内容)可能是个警告：厂内的系统(实际上指地球上的自然环境——相互联系和制约的一切)——可以说包括其湿度、温度等，已经调到最舒服的状态。因此，人类不能再碰调节装置了(——否则就会产生负作用)。暗示的意思就是：人类不能置大自然的法则于不顾，肆意以自己的行为改变大自然和地球上的气候——因为现在的气候已是最舒适的状态了。
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