2. 外语
  3. Passage One (1) A large cask (木桶) of wine had been dropped and broken, in the street. The accident had happened in getting

Passage One (1) A large cask (木桶) of wine had been dropped and broken, in the street. The accident had happened in getting

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问题     Passage One
    (1)  A large cask (木桶) of wine had been dropped and broken, in the street. The accident had happened in getting it out of a cart; the cask had tumbled out with a run, the hoops (桶箍) had burst, and it lay on the stones just outside the door of the wine-shop, shattered like a walnut-shell.
    (2)  All the people within reach had suspended their business, or their idleness, to run to the spot and drink the wine. The rough, irregular stones of the street, pointing every way, and designed, one might have thought, expressly to lame all living creatures that approached them, had dammed (筑坝阻拦) it into little pools; these were surrounded, each by its own jostling group or crowd, according to its size. Some men kneeled down, made scoops (勺) of their two hands joined, and sipped, or tried to help women, who bent over their shoulders, to sip, before the wine had all run out between their fingers. Others, men and women, dipped in the puddles (小水坑) with little mugs of mutilated earthenware (陶器), or even with handkerchiefs from women’s heads, which were squeezed dry into infants’ mouths; others made small mud-embankments, to stern the wine as it ran; others, directed by lookers-on up at high windows, darted here and there, to cut off little streams of wine that started away in new directions; others devoted themselves to the sodden and lee-dyed pieces of the cask, licking, and even champing (大声咀嚼) the moister wine-rotted fragments with eager relish. There was no drainage to carry off the wine, and not only did it all get taken up, but so much mud got taken up along with it, that there might have been a scavenger in the street, if anybody acquainted with it could have believed in such a miraculous presence.
    (3)  A shrill sound of laughter and of amused voices—voices of men, women, and children—resounded in the street while this wine game lasted. There was little roughness in the sport, and much playfulness. There was a special companionship in it, an observable inclination on the part of every one to join some other one, which led, especially among the luckier or lighter-hearted, to frolicsome embraces, drinking of healths, shaking of hands, and even joining of hands and dancing, a dozen together. When the wine was gone, and the places where it had been most abundant were raked into a gridiron-pattern by fingers, these demonstrations ceased, as suddenly as they had broken out. The man who had left his saw sticking in the firewood he was cutting, set it in motion again; the women who had left on a door-step the little pot of hot ashes, at which she had been trying to soften the pain in her own starved fingers and toes, or in those of her child, returned to it; men with bare arms, matted locks, and cadaverous (惨白的) faces, who had emerged into the winter light from cellars (地窖) , moved away, to descend again; and a gloom gathered on the scene that appeared more natural to it than sunshine.
    (4)  The wine was red wine, and had stained the ground of the narrow street in the suburb of Saint Antoine, in Paris, where it was spilled. It had stained many hands, too, and many faces, and many naked feet, and many wooden shoes. The hands of the man who sawed the wood, left red marks on the billets (木柴块); and the forehead of the woman who nursed her baby, was stained with the stain of the old rag she wound about her head again. Those who had been greedy with the staves of the cask, had acquired a tigerish smear (污迹) about the mouth; and one tall joker so besmirched, his head more out of a long squalid bag of a nightcap than in it, scrawled upon a wall with his finger dipped in muddy wine-lees—BLOOD.
    (5)  The time was to come, when that wine too would be spilled on the street-stones, and when the stain of it would be red upon many there.
    (6)  And now that the cloud settled on Saint Antoine, which a momentary gleam (一道光) had driven from his sacred countenance, the darkness of it was heavy—cold, dirt, sickness, ignorance, and want, were the lords in waiting on the saintly presence—nobles of great power all of them; but, most especially the last. Samples of a people that had undergone a terrible grinding and regrinding in the mill, and certainly not in the fabulous mill which ground old people young, shivered at every corner, passed in and out at every doorway, looked from every window, fluttered in every vestige of a garment that the wind shook. The mill which had worked them down, was the mill that grinds young people old; the children had ancient faces and grave voices; and upon them, and upon the grown faces, and ploughed into every furrow of age and coming up afresh, was the sigh, hunger. It was prevalent everywhere. Hunger was pushed out of the tall houses, in the wretched clothing that hung upon poles and lines; Hunger was patched into them with straw and rag and wood and paper; Hunger was repeated in every fragment of the small modicum (少量) of firewood that the man sawed off; Hunger stared down from the smokeless chimneys, and started up from the filthy street that had no offal (动物杂碎), among its refuse, of anything to eat. Hunger was the inscription on the baker’s shelves, written in every small loaf of his scanty stock of bad bread; at the sausage-shop, in every dead-dog preparation that was offered for sale. Hunger rattled its dry bones among the roasting chestnuts in the turned cylinder; Hunger was shred into atomies in every farthing (极少量) porringer of husky chips of potato, fried with some reluctant drops of oil.
    (7)  Its abiding place was in all things fitted to it. A narrow winding street, full of offence and stench (恶臭 ), with other narrow winding streets diverging, all peopled by rags and nightcaps, and all smelling of rags and nightcaps, and all visible things with a brooding look upon them that looked ill. In the hunted air of the people there was yet some wild-beast thought of the possibility of turning at bay. Depressed and slinking (骨瘦如柴的) though they were, eyes of fire were not wanting among them; nor compressed lips, white with what they suppressed; nor foreheads knitted into the likeness of the gallows-rope they mused about enduring, or inflicting.
The phrase ’shattered like a walnut-shell   in Para. 1 is used as a( n) ________.
选项 A、simile
B、metaphor
C、analogy
D、euphemism
答案A
解析 修辞题。文章第一段第二句第二个分句句意为：酒桶一下子掉了下来，桶箍散开，酒桶躺在酒馆门外的石头上，像核桃壳一样碎开了。此处本体是the cask(酒桶)，喻体是a walnut-shell(核桃壳)，比喻词是like，故[A]“明喻”为正确答案。
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