首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
As the world continues to recover from the Great Recession, governments and businesses are focused on how to spur economic growt
As the world continues to recover from the Great Recession, governments and businesses are focused on how to spur economic growt
admin
2011-04-04
95
问题
As the world continues to recover from the Great Recession, governments and businesses are focused on how to spur economic growth. But if they really want to create jobs, raise incomes, and lift living standards, they should devote more energy to figuring out how to generate economic dynamism over the long term.
At times like this, governments tend to champion particular sectors like manufacturing, or industries like green technology. But true dynamism flows from continuous innovation, experimentation, adaptation, and change, all of which raise productivity over time. Those productivity gains, in turn, lift incomes and drive consumption. This fuels more innovation—and a dynamic economy thus expands in a healthy, sustainable way.
Unfortunately, economic dynamism can also cause dislocation and disturbance as workers lose jobs in failing companies or in fading industries. Change in the ranking of companies has accelerated in many countries, including the United States, over the last century. The 90 names listed on Standard & Poor’s index of major U. S. companies in the 1920s remained there for an average of 65 years. By 1998 a company listed on the S & P 500 could expect to stay there for an average of only 10 years.
The distress caused by such turnover causes many people to resist change. But this process, famously labeled "creative destruction" by economist Joseph Schumpeter, frees resources for new uses that can vastly improve life over time. We may have fewer farmers, coachmen, and switchboard operators today than in Schumpeter’s time, but We have software engineers, EKG technicians, Google mapmakers, and a host of other occupations people couldn’t have imagined back then. The "productivity paradox" is that while we may need fewer workers in certain occupations in the short term, improved productivity leads to a stronger economy as a whole. So policies to spur economic dynamism are essential elements of any strategy to create jobs.
How exactly do we foster economic dynamism? Dynamism doesn’t turn on whether an economy has a large financial sector, or big manufacturers, or a semiconductor industry, but instead on whether the sectors are competitive or not. Instead of picking winners and pouring out subsidies to them, countries must get the basics right. These include a solid rule of law, with patents and protections for intellectual property, enforceable contracts, and courts to resolve disputes; access to finance, particularly for startups; and an efficient physical and communications infrastructure. Once the basics are in place, the key is ensuring strong competition within sectors.
It can be tempting, in the short term, to prop up old industries and preserve outdated jobs. But as Schumpeter said, "With capitalism, we are dealing with an evolutionary process. " Nations that want to move up the list should be prepared to evolve.
According to the passage, why do many people resist change?
选项
A、It is hard for them to adapt to continuous innovation.
B、They begin to lose jobs as dynamic economy expands.
C、There is an accelerated change in the ranking of companies.
D、They doubt whether the turnover will improve their lives.
答案
B
解析
根据题干关键词people resist change定位到原文第三、四段。第三段第一句提到: Unfortunately, economic dynamism can also cause dislocation and disturbance as workers lose jobs. in failing companies or in fading industries. 可知当垮掉的公司或是衰退的行业中的工人们失去工作的时候,经济活力也会导致错位和混乱。第四段第一句又提到:The distress caused by such turnover causes many people to resist change. 可知,由这种转换导致的窘境使得许多人抵制变化。即人们抵制变化的原因在于随着经济活力的转换,有工人因此失业。故选B 项。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/Hro7777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
A、Shewillreachtherestauranttenminuteslate.B、Shehastenminutestoreachtherestaurant.C、Hethinkshecanreachthere
A、Hefeltsickwhenhesawthealteration.B、Hethinksthewomanisbeingmean.C、Heexpectedhissuittobeready.D、Hebacked
Itisplaincommonsense—themorehappinessyoufeel,thelessunhappinessyouexperience.【C1】______,recentresearchrevealst
Itisplaincommonsense—themorehappinessyoufeel,thelessunhappinessyouexperience.【C1】______,recentresearchrevealst
Itisplaincommonsense—themorehappinessyoufeel,thelessunhappinessyouexperience.【C1】______,recentresearchrevealst
TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasicallyprivateenterprise.It’s【B1】______economyinwhichconsumersdeter
TheAmericaneconomicsystemisorganizedaroundabasicallyprivateenterprise.It’s【B1】______economyinwhichconsumersdeter
A、Pollutionproblems.B、Watersuppliesaroundtheworld.C、AnindustrialsiteinMissouri.D、Groundwaterpollution.B文中关键句为“They
A、Thevisitingeconomisthasgivenseverallectures.B、Dr.Johnsonandtheguestspeakerwereschoolmates.C、Dr.Johnsoninvited
随机试题
下列句子有无歧义?如果有,请分析歧义产生的原因。没有不想去的。
ThewaypeopleintheUStraveltoandfromworkhaschangedalotinthelastfiftyyears.【T1】BeforetheSecondWorldWar,most
男性,72岁,突然昏厥,急诊心电图检查如下图,诊断为:()
33岁男子,自述胸闷、心悸,时有胸痛。体检:心界不大,心尖部第一心音不弱,可闻第四心音,胸骨左缘3、4肋问可闻收缩期粗糙喷射性杂音。心电图示:V3~V4T波倒置1年后患者症状加重伴头晕再次来诊,除治疗外,家属询问可能发生的最严重情况是
采用新结构、新材料、新工艺的建设工程和特殊结构的建设工程,设计单位应当在设计中提出( )。
甲公司为上市公司,其2013年度财务报告于2014年3月1日对外报出。该公司在2013年12月31日有一项未决诉讼,经咨询律师,估计很可能败诉并预计将支付的赔偿金额、诉讼费等在760万元至1000万元之间(其中诉讼费为7万元)。为此,甲公司预计了880万元
期刊变更()等要向所在地省级新闻出版行政主管部门备案。
教育申诉制度的性质是属于()。
闪购模式即是以互联网为媒介,以限时特卖的形式,定期定时推出国际知名品牌的商品,一般以原价1~5折的价格供专属会员限时抢购,先到先买,限时限量,售完即止。根据上述定义,下列属于闪购的是:
设在采用SQLServer2008数据库的图书馆应用系统中有三个基本表,表结构如下所示,请用SQL语句完成下列两个查询:BORROWER:借书证号姓名系名班级12011106蒋辉文
最新回复
(
0
)