首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
(1)Although numbers of animals in a given region may fluctuate from year to year, the fluctuations are often temporary and, over
(1)Although numbers of animals in a given region may fluctuate from year to year, the fluctuations are often temporary and, over
admin
2019-04-29
52
问题
(1)Although numbers of animals in a given region may fluctuate from year to year, the fluctuations are often temporary and, over long periods, trivial. Scientists have advanced three theories of population control to account for this relative constancy.
(2)The first theory attributes a relatively constant population to periodic climatic catastrophes that decimate populations with such frequency as to prevent them from exceeding some particular limit. In the case of small organisms with short life cycles, climatic changes need not be catastrophic: normal seasonal changes in photoperiod (daily amount of sunlight), for example, can govern population growth. This theory—the density-independent view—asserts that climatic factors exert the same regulatory effect on population regardless of the number of individuals in a region.
(3)A second theory argues that population growth is primarily density-dependent—that is, the rate of growth of a population in a region decreases as the number of animals increases. The mechanisms that manage regulation may vary. For example, as numbers increase, the food supply would probably diminish, which would increase mortality. In addition, as Lotka and Volterra have shown, predators can find prey more easily in high-density populations. Other regulators include physiological control mechanisms: for example, Christian and Davis have demonstrated how the crowding that results from a rise in numbers may bring about hormonal changes in the pituitary (垂体)and adrenal glands (肾上腺)that in turn may regulate population by lowering sexual activity and inhibiting sexual maturation. There is evidence that these effects may persist for three generations in the absence of the original provocation. One challenge for density-dependent theorists is to develop models that would allow the precise prediction of the effects of crowding.
(4)A third theory, proposed by Wynne-Edwards and termed "epideictic", argues that organisms have evolved a "code" in the form of social or epideictic behavior displays, such as winter roosting aggregations or group vocalizing: such codes provide organisms with information on population size in a region so that they can, if necessary, exercise reproductive restraint. However, Wynne-Edwards’ theory, linking animal social behavior and population control, has been challenged, with some justification, by several studies.
The challenge posed to the Wynne-Edwards’ theory by several studies is regarded by the author with _____.
选项
A、complete indifference
B、qualified acceptance
C、skeptical amusement
D、perplexed astonishment
答案
B
解析
观点题。原文末段末句评价with some justification相当于“有条件地接受”之义。故选B。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/I6RK777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
PASSAGEONE
Tomanyvisitorstoacountrytheword"city"meansthecapitalcity.Andthatinitsturnmeanswhatwouldbetakeninbyagro
MoreandmoreChinesescienceandtechnologypapershavebeenincludedinSCI.Lookatthefollowingchartcarefullyandwritey
Theserviceoperates36librariesthroughoutthecountry,whilesix_____librariesspeciallyservethecountryside.
WhichofthefollowingsentencesindicatesCOMMAND?
FarewellSpeech1."Specialneeds"Commonlydefinedbywhatachildcan’tdoBymilestonesunmetBy【T1】______【T1】______Byexp
A.roleB.enormousC.InsteadofD.mutteringE.strikingF.mediatedG.originallyH.perpetualI.InspiteofJ.emergingK.
A.interactionB.experiencedC.reflectD.responseE.undertakenF.affectG.althoughH.frustrationI.subjectJ.sufficient
Freemedicaltreatmentinthiscountrycoverssicknessofmindaswellas_____sicknesses.
[A]advocates[B]ambitious[C]symbol[D]immensely[E]intention[F]witnessed[G]injury[H]ignore[I]recession[J]tremendous[K]ste
随机试题
诊断心脏病的依据是
假设检验时,当t>0.05则P<0.05,结论为
某医院手术室护士长在例行的护理质量检查中。发现一个外科手术包过期,随即召集科室护士开会,分析问题,查找原因,制定整改计划,并对直接责任人进行了批评和相应的处罚。关于手术室质量管理标准内容,不正确的叙述是()。
刘某对市辖区土地局依据省国土资源厅的规定作出的一项行政处理决定不服提起行政复议,同时要求审查该规定的合法性。在此情况下,下列哪些说法是正确的?()
“安全”就是()。
自由锻造精度低、生产率不高,通常适用于生产()的零件。
导致通货膨胀的直接原因是()。
如何理解现代学生观?
Fromthefirstsentenceofthepassage,welearnthat______Thesecondparagraphismainlyabout______
Mybrother’splansarevery________;hewantstomasterEnglish,FrenchandSpanishbeforeheissixteen.
最新回复
(
0
)