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  3. With obesity now affecting 29% of the population in England, and expected to rise to 35% by 2030, should we now recognise it as

With obesity now affecting 29% of the population in England, and expected to rise to 35% by 2030, should we now recognise it as

admin2022-03-23  156
问题     With obesity now affecting 29% of the population in England, and expected to rise to 35% by 2030, should we now recognise it as a disease? Obesity, in which excess body fat has accumulated to such an extent that health may be adversely affected, meets the dictionary definition of disease, argues Professor John Wilding. He points out that more than 200 genes influence weight. "Thus body weight is strongly influenced by biology—it is not an individual’s fault if they develop obesity." Yet the widespread view is that obesity is self-induced and that it is entirely the individual’s responsibility to do something about it. Recognising obesity as a chronic disease with severe complications rather than a lifestyle choice "should help reduce the stigma (耻辱) and discrimination experienced by many people with obesity," he adds.
    Professor Wilding disagrees that labelling a high proportion of the population as having a disease removes personal responsibility or may overwhelm health services, pointing out that other common diseases, such as high blood pressure and diabetes, require people to take action to manage their condition. He suggests that most people with obesity will eventually develop complications. "But unless we accept that obesity is a disease, we are not going to be able to tackle it," he concludes.
    But Dr.   Richard Pile, a physician with a special interest in diabetes, argues that adopting this approach "could actually result in worse outcomes for individuals and society." He believes that the dictionary definition of disease "is so vague that we can classify almost anything as a disease" and says the question is not whether we can, but whether we should, and to what end.
    If labelling obesity as a disease was harmless then it wouldn’t really matter, he writes. But labelling obesity as a disease "risks reducing autonomy, disempowering and robbing people of the intrinsic (内在的) motivation that is such an important enabler of change." What’s more, making obesity a disease "may not benefit patients, but it will benefit healthcare providers and the pharmaceutical (制药的) industry when health insurance and clinical guidelines promote treatment with drugs and surgery," he warns.
What is the popular view of obesity?
选项 A、It is difficult to define.
B、It is a modern disease.
C、It has much to do with one’s genes.
D、It results from a lack of self-control.
答案D
解析 细节辨认题。定位句提到，普遍的观点是，肥胖是自己造成的，对此做些什么完全是个人的责任。由此可知，人们普遍认为肥胖是个人因素，是由于缺乏自控力导致的，故答案为D)。A)“很难定义”与B)“它是一种现代疾病”在原文中均未提及，因此排除；第一段第四句提到生物学对体重影响极大，但这是约翰.怀尔丁教授的看法，而非人们的普遍观点，故排除C)。
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