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  3. (1)Considering that anxiety makes your palms sweat, your heart race, and your brain seize up like a car with a busted transmissi

(1)Considering that anxiety makes your palms sweat, your heart race, and your brain seize up like a car with a busted transmissi

admin2019-01-22  30
问题    (1)Considering that anxiety makes your palms sweat, your heart race, and your brain seize up like a car with a busted transmission, it’s no wonder people reach for the Xanax to vanquish it. But in a surprise, researchers who study emotion regulation—how we cope, or fail to cope, with the daily swirl of feelings-are discovering that many anxious people are bound and determined (though not always consciously)to cultivate anxiety. The reason, studies suggest, is that for some people anxiety boosts cognitive performance.
   (2)In one recent study, psychologist Maya Tamir of Hebrew University in Jerusalem gave 47 undergraduates a standard test of neuroticism, which asks people if they agree with such statements as "I get stressed out easily." She then presented the volunteers with a list of tasks, either difficult (giving a speech, taking a test)or easy (washing dishes), and asked which emotion they would prefer to be feeling before each. The more neurotic subjects were significantly more likely to choose feeling worried before a demanding task; non-neurotic subjects chose other emotions. Apparently, the neurotics had a good reason to opt for anxiety: when Tamir gave everyone anagrams to solve, the neurotics who had just written about an event that had caused them anxiety did better than neurotics who had recalled a happier memory. Among non-neurotics, putting themselves in an anxious frame of mind had no effect on performance.
   (3)In other people, anxiety is not about usefulness but familiarity, finds psychology researcher Brett Ford of the University of Denver. She measured the "trait emotions" (feelings people tend to have most of the time)of 139 undergraduates, using a questionnaire that lists emotions and asks "to what extent you feel this way in general." She then grouped the students into those characterized by "trait fear" (those who tended to be anxious, worried, or nervous), "trait anger" (chronically angry, irritated, or annoyed), and "trait happy" (the cheerful, joyful gang). Six months later, the volunteers returned to Ford’s lab. This time she gave them a list of emotions and asked which they wanted to experience. Not surprisingly, the cheerful bunch wanted to be happy. But in a shock for those who think anyone who is chronically anxious can’t wait to get their hands on some Ativan (氯羟安定), those with "trait fear" said they wanted to be worried and nervous—even though it felt subjectively unpleasant. (The "trait angry" students tended to prefer feeling the same way, too.)Wanting to feel an emotion is not the same thing as enjoying that emotion, points out neuroscientist Kent Berridge of the University of Michigan, who discovered that wanting and liking are mediated by two distinct sets of neurotransmitters.
   (4)In some cases, the need to experience anxiety can lead to a state that looks very much like addiction to anxiety. "There are people who have extreme agitation, but they can’t understand why," says psychiatrist Harris Stratyner of Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York. They therefore latch on to any cause to explain what they’re feeling. That rationalization doubles back and exacerbates the anxiety. "Some people," he adds, "get addicted to feeling anxious because that’s the state that they’ve always known. If they feel a sense of calm, they get bored; they feel empty inside. They want to feel anxious." Notice he didn’t say "like."
Which of the following statements about the second paragraph is TRUE?
选项 A、The more neurotic subjects tended to choose a more challenging task.
B、Anxiety made no impact on the performance of non-neurotic subjects.
C、The neurotic subjects are better than non-neurotic subjects on anagrams solving.
D、The non-neurotic subjects often recall their happy memory in their daily life.
答案B
解析 根据最后一句，对非神经过敏的人来说，紧张焦虑不会对其表现产生影响。选项B的made no impact与had no effect相对应，因此选B。
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