2. 外语
  3. Software (of computers), is also called computer programs, which refers to instructions that cause the hardware—the machines—to

Software (of computers), is also called computer programs, which refers to instructions that cause the hardware—the machines—to

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问题     Software (of computers), is also called computer programs, which refers to instructions that cause the hardware—the machines—to do work. Software as a whole can be divided into a number of categories based on the types of work done by【S1】______. The two primary software【S2】______are operating systems (system software), which control the workings of the computer, and application software, which addresses the multitude of tasks for which people use【S3】______. System software thus【S4】______such essential, but often invisible, chores as maintaining disk files and managing the screen, whereas application software performs word processing, database management, and the like. Two additional categories that are neither【S5】______nor application software, although they contain elements of both, are network software, which【S6】______groups of computers to communicate, and language software, which provides programmers with the tools they need to write programs. In addition to these task-based categories, several types of software are【S7】______based on their method of distribution. These【S8】______the sc-called canned programs or packaged software developed and sold primarily through retail outlets; freeware and public-domain software, which is made【S9】______without cost by its developer; shareware, which is【S10】______to freeware but usually carries a small fee for those who like the program; and the infamous vaporware, which is software that either does not reach the market or appears much later than promised.

A) described           B) categories          C) include           D) make  
E) programs            F) disk                G) DVD               H) handles
I) system              J) available           K) similar           L) able
M) computers           N) enables             O) like
【S7】
选项
答案A
解析 该句中由be动词are接动词的过去分词构成被动态做整个句子的谓语部分，动词选项中只有一个为过去分词，排除其他主动动词，所以只能选择A项described，意为“许多种软件的定义(被描述)是建立在他们分布的方法上面”。
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大学英语四级

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