2. 考研
  3. Back in the 1 870 s，Charles Darwin’s cousin Francis Gahon wanted to define the face of a criminal．He assembled photographs of me

Back in the 1 870 s，Charles Darwin’s cousin Francis Gahon wanted to define the face of a criminal．He assembled photographs of me

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问题 Back in the 1 870 s，Charles Darwin’s cousin Francis Gahon wanted to define the face of a criminal．He assembled photographs of men convicted of heinous crimes and made a composite by lining them up on a single photographic plae The surprise：everybody liked the villain，including Gahonhimself．He reasoned that the villainous irregularities he supposed belonged to criminal faces had disappeared in the averaging process．In the next century，scientists began to show reliably thatfaces combined digitally on computers were likable--more so than the individual faces from which they were composed Although people clearly admire the long legs of Brazilian model Ana Hickmann or Dolly Parton’s breasts，in general humans like averages．
    Researchers confirmed that humans judge real faces by their differences or similarities from anorm．But they also found that the norm can change quickly．When researchers showed 1 64 peoplesets of 100 computer—generated faces representing a slow transition from male to female and from Japanese to Caucasian--it turned out that the test subjects’idea of what constitute an“average”face shifted depending on the first face they saw．When they were flashed a supermasculine face first，more faces on the spectrum impressed them，by contrast，as female The masculine face had，in effect，set a standard From then on，other faces had to be more masculine in order to rate as be longing to the gender．the study note a similar shift using a Scale of faces moving from surprise to  1‘disgust．
    The authors，who published their results in the journal Nature，conclude that in real life we al so quickly change our perception of the midpoint--what’s normal--depending on what we see We may not be aware that our judgment has changed；we simply see differently，says Michael Wel)ster，a psychologist at the University of Nevada in Reno and coauthor of the study．
  One implication is that individual and social attitudes toward what’s acceptable，and what’s beautiful，change over time “If you look at plastic—surgery trends”，in the 1950s and 1960s you saw little upturned noses，notes Harvard psychologist Nancy Etcoff，author of the book Survival of the Prettiest：The Science of beauty．“Now the noses are broader and the lips are plumper．We’re seeing images from around the globe and it’s changing our idea of the average”So if you’re unhappy with some aspect of your face，take comfort：beauty，is a moving target．
We can infer from the last paragraph that________．
选项 A、upturned noses will soon be considered beautiful
B、defects in facial features may someday be appealing
C、plastic—surgery is a well—developed industry
D、people should be confident of their appearance
答案B
解析 推理判断题。由题干信息定位至最后一段，然后依次判断各选项。由第二句“in the 1950s and 1960s you saw little upturned noses”可知“上翘的鼻子”是20世纪五六十年代的审美标准，排除A；由首句“individual and social attitudes toward what’S acceptable，and what’s beautiful，change over time”可以推断出B正确。末段第二句提到“整形手术”，C在文中并未提及，排除；末句“S0 if you’re unhappy with some aspect of your face，take comfort：beauty，is a moving target．”这里只是告诉人们不必为自己面貌的缺陷而担心，并未鼓励人们对自己的长相自信，D为过度推断，排除。
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