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  3. Our risk of cancer rises dramatically as we age. So it makes sense that the elderly should be routinely screened for new tumors—

Our risk of cancer rises dramatically as we age. So it makes sense that the elderly should be routinely screened for new tumors—

admin2023-03-20  7
问题     Our risk of cancer rises dramatically as we age. So it makes sense that the elderly should be routinely screened for new tumors—or doesn’t it?
    While such vigilant (警觉的) tracking of cancer is a good thing in general, researchers are increasingly questioning whether all of this testing is necessary for the elderly. With the percentage of people over age 65 expected to nearly double by 2050, it’s important to weigh the health benefits of screening against the risks and costs of routine testing.
    In many cases, screening can lead to surgeries to remove cancer, while the cancers themselves may be slow-growing and may not pose serious health problems in patients’ remaining years. But the message that everyone must screen for cancer has become so deep-rooted that when health care experts recom-mended that women under 50 and over 74 stop screening for breast cancer, it caused a riotous reaction among doctors, patients and advocacy groups.
    It’s hard to uproot deeply held beliefs about cancer screening with scientific data. Certainly, there are people over age 75 who have had cancers detected by routine screening, and gained several extra years of life because of treatment. And clearly, people over age 75 who have other risk factors for cancer, such as a family history or prior personal experience with the disease, should continue to get screened regularly. But for the remainder, the risk of cancer, while increased at the end of life, must be balanced with other factors like remaining life expectancy (预期寿命).
    A recent study suggests that doctors start to make more objective decisions about who will truly benefit from screening—especially considering the explosion of the elderly that will soon swell our population.
    It’s not an easy calculation to make, but one that makes sense for all the patients. Dr. Otis Brawley said, ’Many doctors are ordering screening tests purely to cover themselves. We need to think about the rational use of health care."
    That means making some difficult decisions with elderly patients, and going against the misguided belief that when it comes to health care, more is always better.
Why do many doctors prescribe routine screening for cancer?
选项 A、They want to protect themselves against medical disputes.
B、They want to take advantage of the medical care system.
C、They want data for medical research.
D、They want their patients to suffer less.
答案A
解析 本题询问许多医生让病人进行定期癌症筛查的原因。该段第2句讲到许多医生这样做是为了保护自己(cover themselves)，需要注意的是cover oneself有“保护自己免受责备或批评”的意思。A“想保护自己避免医疗纠纷”的表述与原文相符，故为答案；B“他们想从医疗体系中获得好处”指的是医生是为了获取利益，但相关信息并没有在原文提及，可排除；C“他们想获取医疗研究数据”，原文只在第4段第1句句末提过scientific data“科学数据”，完全没有提过data for medical research；D“他们想让病人少遭罪”，这可能是很多医生的想法，但在文中找不到这层意思的相应表述。
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