首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
How MEMORY WORKS 1 Memory is the brain’s ability to store and retrieve information related to previous experiences.Memory occu
How MEMORY WORKS 1 Memory is the brain’s ability to store and retrieve information related to previous experiences.Memory occu
admin
2013-04-25
28
问题
How MEMORY WORKS
1 Memory is the brain’s ability to store and retrieve information related to previous experiences.Memory occurs in two stages: short-term and long term.Short-term memory reflects an immediate sensory perception of an object or idea that occurs before the image is stored.Short-term memory enables you to dial a telephone number after looking it up but without looking at the number directly.If you call the number frequently, it becomes stored in long-term memory and can be recalled several weeks after you originally looked it up.Short-term memory and long-term memory can be thought of as memory structures, each varying as to how much information it can hold and for how long.
2 Memory relies on the ability to process information.Information processing begins with the environmental stimuli that you see, hear, smell, taste, and feel.These experiences are initially recorded in the brain’s sensory register, which holds information just long enough (one to three seconds) for you to decide whether to process it further.Information that you do not selectively
attend to
will disappear from the system.However, if you recognize and attend to the information as meaningful or relevant, it is sent to short-term memory.Short- term memory can hold approximately seven unrelated bits of information at a time.
3 Short-term memory is often called working memory because it holds information that you are working with at a given moment, but only for about 20 seconds.Then, unless the information is processed further, it is quickly forgotten.For example, if you were asked to dial an unfamiliar telephone number, received a busy signal, and were then distracted by something else for 20 seconds, you probably would have forgotten the number at that point.Unless information in short-term memory is processed further, it does not
make it to
long- term memory.
4 Several control processes enable the transfer of information from short-term to long-term memory.One such process is rehearsal, or "practice makes perfect." Rehearsal is when you repeat something to yourself over and over.
The purpose behind such behavior is usually to memorize information for later use, although sometimes it is simply to hold information in short-term memory for immediate use.
For example, you may rehearse a telephone number by saying it aloud so you can redial it after getting a busy signal without having to look it up again in the phone book.Another process that enables the transfer of information to long-term memory is the association of new data with data previously learned and stored in long-term memory.Thus, it is easier to learn a new card game if you already have "
card sense
" from playing other games.
5 For cognitive psychologists, long-term memory is the most interesting of the memory structures, and most believe that the storage capacity of long-term memory is unlimited and contains a permanent record of everything you have learned.Long-term memory plays an influential role throughout the information processing system.The interests, attitudes, skills, and knowledge of the world existing in your long-term memory influence what you perceive and how you interpret your perceptions.
They
also affect whether you process information for short-term or long-term storage.
6 Long-term memory can hold recollections of personal experiences as well as factual knowledge acquired through other means such as reading.It also holds skills such as knowing how to ride a bicycle.In its ability to learn and remember, the brain can distinguish between facts and skills.When you acquire factual knowledge by memorizing dates, word definitions, formulas, and other information, you can consciously retrieve this fact memory from the data bank of your long-term memory.In contrast, skill memory usually involves motor activities that you learn by repetition without consciously remembering specific information.You perform learned motor skills, such as walking or riding a bicycle, without consciously recalling the individual steps required to do these tasks.
What can be inferred from paragraph 6 about skill memory?
选项
A、It is more important than fact memory in everyday life.
B、It exists in long-term memory because of repeated practice.
C、It requires conscious effort to be retrieved from memory.
D、It contains only the skills that people can perform well.
答案
B
解析
You can infer that skill memory exists in long-term memory because of repeated practice.Clues: Long- term memory...,...holds skills such as knowing how to ride a bicycle; ...skill memory usually involves motor activities that you learn by repetition...(1.5)
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/ISyO777K
0
托福(TOEFL)
相关试题推荐
WhichthreeforeignlanguagesaretraditionallytaughtintheUSA?Theyare(He/Sheis)learningChinesetohelpwiththeirfut
Notetakingimprovesyourabilityto______onwhatthespeakersays.【40】
Betweenwhattimesistheroadtrafficlightest?Whichdayoftheweekhastheleasttraffic?
【21】Michalpointsoutthatnon-nativespeakerstudentscanuse______andbodylanguagetoindicatewhentheyarereadytoadd
SECTION2Questions11-20Questions11-13Choosethecorrectanswerstothefollowingquestions.OnlyONEanswerispossiblef
Whenwerethefollowingfeaturesincludedinanautoshow?Writethecorrectletter,A,B,orCnexttoquestions17-20.Alast
Completethenotesbelow.WriteNOMORETHANTWOWORDSforeachanswer.JOBENJOYExampleAnswerTypeofjobrequired:part-
Thefollowingareessentialrequirementsforwhichjobs?Writethecorrectletter,A,BorC,nexttoQuestions11-15.Essential
ArtMuralsTheinstructorbrieflyexplainshowmoisturedamagesamural.Indicatewhethereachsentencebelowisapartofthe
随机试题
固定式龙门铣床水平铣头主轴旋转轴线对垂直铣头水平移动(Y轴线)的平行度,在YZ垂直平面内,在300mm测量长度上,公差为()mm。
TheName"UnitedNations"Thename"UnitedNations"was【C1】______(probable)devisedbyU.S.【C2】______(preside)FranklinD.Ro
牙周炎晚期临床表现的四大特征是_________,_________,_________,_________。
类风湿性关节炎的关节病变包括
胰岛素分子A链和B链的交联是靠
中国公民冯某、秦某、许某、严某4人准备出资设立昊天有限责任公司(下称昊天公司)。4人拟出资100万元,其中冯某以价值30万元的厂房和价值20万元的知识产权出资,秦某出资30万元(现金),严某出资15万元(现金),许某出资5万元(现金)。4人拟定了公司章程,
某市首饰商城为增值税一般纳税人,2009年12月发生以下业务:(1)本期进口一批珠宝首饰,关税完税价格为20万元,缴纳关税3万元,取得海关完税专用缴款书;(2)零售金银首饰与镀金首饰组成的套装礼盒,取得零售收入30万元,其中金银首饰收入20
根据下图回答问题:2006年最受关注的品牌是()。
马克思有句名言:“搬运夫和哲学家之间的原始差别要比家犬和猎犬之间的差别小得多。他们之间的鸿沟是分工造成的。”该论断所包含的哲理是()
EachdayofEarthWeek,forexample,hasbeengivenovertoaseparateenvironmentalissue.Theyare,【C1】______,energyefficien
最新回复
(
0
)