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  3. US White House spokesman Tony Snow once sent journalists digging for their dictionaries. He called recent criticism by the forme

US White House spokesman Tony Snow once sent journalists digging for their dictionaries. He called recent criticism by the forme

admin2012-04-05  29
问题     US White House spokesman Tony Snow once sent journalists digging for their dictionaries. He called recent criticism by the former President Bill Clinton "chutzpah (无耻)". With just one sentence, Snow managed to make headlines, a joke and a defense of President George W. Bush. Interestingly, this is how battles are fought and won in US politics — with carefully-worded one-liners (一行字幕新闻) made for TV which often lack substance and clarity (清晰度).
    "The amount of information that candidates attempt to communicate to people is actually getting smaller and smaller," said Mark Smith, a political science professor at Cedarville University. This has been accompanied by a changing media environment, Smith said. In 1968, the average TV or radio sound bite (a sound bite is a very brief broadcast statement, as by a politician during a news report) was 48 seconds, according to Smith. In 1996, the average sound bite had shrunk to 8 seconds. Thus, politicians wanting publicity try to make their public communication as quotable as possible.
    Campaigning politicians also use 30-second TV ads and clever campaign slogans to boost their messages. Republican presidential candidate John McCain rides to campaign stops in a bus named the "Straight Talk Express". McCain hopes the name will convince voters he plans to tell people the truth — whether it’s in fashion or not. Democratic presidential candidate Hillary Clinton, on the other hand, has chosen the campaign slogan "Let the conversation begin". She hopes it will help her appear open-minded and friendly.
    But one-liners, TV ads and campaign slogans all have a single key ingredient: something commonly called political "spin". Brooks Jackson, a former journalist and the current director of FactCheck.org, a website not supporting the ideas of any political party or group, calls "spin" just a polite word for "deceiving".
    "I do believe that very often politicians believe their own spin," said Jackson.
    "Strong partisans suffer from a universal human tendency: They ignore the evidence that would force them into the uncomfortable position of having to change their minds and admit that they were wrong."
Which statement best describes strong partisans in the passage?
选项 A、They suffer from common human diseases.
B、They tend to ignore the natural facts.
C、They are changeable and easy to accept others’ advice.
D、They are very stubborn.
答案D
解析 文章末段提到，铁杆党羽(strong partisans)经受着一种人类普遍天性的折磨：他们忽视那些迫使他们进入改变想法并承认错误的不舒服的境地中的证据。固执的人总是不愿意改变想法和承认错误，由此可知，答案为D)“他们很固执”。末段提到的a universal human tendency是指一种人类普遍具有的天性，而非疾病，故排除A)。文中提到他们忽视“证据”而非“自然事实”，故排除B)。C)与原文意思相反，故排除。
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