首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
How to Keep Your New Year’s Resolutions [A] About half of all American adults say they are at least somewhat likely to make a Ne
How to Keep Your New Year’s Resolutions [A] About half of all American adults say they are at least somewhat likely to make a Ne
admin
2013-09-07
71
问题
How to Keep Your New Year’s Resolutions
[A] About half of all American adults say they are at least somewhat likely to make a New Year’s resolution this year. Their top vows: to lose weight, quit smoking and exercise more. But consider this: if hard-core addicts can break bad habits—some by moderating, not just quitting—there’s still hope for you. Whether your goal for this year is to get fit or tame your drinking, experts say there’s a lot you can learn from people who have successfully moderated their habits to help keep you off the resolution merry-go-round.
1. Don’t Kid Yourself
[B] "The most important thing is to be honest with yourself," says Howard Josepher, the president of Exponents Inc., an organization that provides support and educational services to people with substance-misuse issues. "You need to know the difference between enjoying yourself and self-medicating. It’s not that self-medicating is necessarily bad—but you should give yourself parameters. If you are adhering to them, OK. If not, you need to check yourself."
[C] Successful moderators decide in advance how much is too much—and stick to their limit, no matter what. Have a cookie a day if that’s what you’ve deemed acceptable. But if you cheat by having "just one more," know that you are only cheating yourself and worsening the problem, experts say. The point is to learn how to hold yourself accountable.
[D] For those who are concerned in particular about drinking, a free, research-based online tool called Drinker’s Checkup can help you determine whether you are drinking at unhealthy levels, and what to do if you are.
2. Quit Cold Turkey—Temporarily
[E] "Theoretically, there are very good reasons to take a break from a behavior, totally," says Reid Hester, director of research at Behavior Therapy Associates, explaining that an initial period of complete abstinence(节制)can make it easier for people to moderate behavior by eliminating the habitual, automatic aspect of the unwanted activity.
[F] Take a cue from the self-help group Moderation Management(MM), which advises problem drinkers to abstain completely for a month before attempting moderate drinking. If you can’t achieve a month of abstinence, the thinking goes, successful moderation is unlikely.
[G] The best way to stay on course is frequent self-monitoring; use as many behavior-modification tools, support groups and programs as you can. In October, Hester and colleagues published a randomized controlled trial in the Journal, of Substance Abuse Treatment comparing heavy drinkers who used MM’s website to help them quit with those who used the MM site plus another online tool that teaches behavior-control tactics and helps chart drinking. While both groups significantly reduced their drinking and alcohol-related problems, the group that used the additional tool had more days abstinent and drank less when they drank.
3. Do What the Buddhist Would Do
[H] Alan Marlatt, director of the Addictive Behaviors Research Center at the University of Washington, studies "mindfulness-based relapse(重新染上)prevention," which uses meditation(冥想)and other ideas from Buddhist teachings to help people break bad habits.
[I] "Between stimulus and response, there’s a space, and in that space is our power to choose our response, and in our response lies our growth and freedom," says Marlatt, quoting author and Holocaust survivor Victor Frankl. Marlatt says, "Mindfulness gets you into that space."
[J] Being mindful may involve traditional meditation, in which you sit quietly and observe your thoughts and breathing without judgment. But here, it is also used to focus awareness on thoughts and feelings that lead to unwanted behavior. Simply recognizing the triggers to relapse can help you choose not to give into them. "When there’s a fork in the road, strong desire is pulling you one way. Well, what’s the other way? You have to look down the other road and see where it takes you. Then you have a choice, instead of being on autopilot," says Marlatt.
[K] One tactic he recommends for resisting those desires is called "urge-surfing." It involves being mindful of the fact that desire is like a wave—it rises to a peak, then falls. This happens whether you yield to the urge or not, though most people mistakenly think their desire will escalate endlessly unless they give in. In fact, yielding to desire only reinforces them—resisting, in contrast, reinforces resistance. Marlatt advises watching your urge, noting its peak and "surfing" it, rather than allowing it to wipe you out.
[L] Another trick is to recognize that willpower is like a muscle—it gets stronger with appropriate use but ultimately weakens if overloaded. That’s why Hester recommends setting short-term goals that are "moderately difficult, realistic, concrete and measurable." As with weight-lifting, starting at a level that is challenging but not overwhelming can provide a sense of achievement and success—which can give you the drive to take on bigger challenges.
4. Don’t Try to Scare Yourself Straight
[M] Research shows that in the long term, the pleasure of victory is a better incentive than the agony of defeat. "Punishment is a poor motivator," says Hester. "It sets people up for failure. If all you do is punishing yourself for failure, you won’t stay motivated to change for very long."
[N] Instead, reward yourself for sticking to your limits and focus on the benefits of changing. For instance, if your goal is to drink less or lose weight, treat yourself to something you want—a new book or DVD, say—each time you successfully resist a tempting dessert or achieve a goal, like a month of abstinence. Success tends to give birth to greater success. If you do slip back into old patterns, avoid blame. "Don’t say, ’I can’t do it,’ " says Marlatt. "People make mistakes. If you keep working at it, you will get better over time. That’s what the research shows."
[N] For some people, trying to moderate bad habits is not achievable or takes more effort than abstaining altogether-as the philosopher St. Augustine put it, "Complete abstinence is easier than perfect moderation." Recognizing this by trying and failing can also be a critical step toward behavior change.
5. Get Better Friends
[O] Consciously and unconsciously, people tend to imitate those around them. That’s why the latest research shows that things like happiness, smoking quitting and obesity can spread like an infectious disease through social networks. So surround yourself with friends who can also be role models. "Make sure that people you hang out with are people who look and act the way you would like to. Social imitation is the easiest form not only of flattery but of self-improvement," says Stanton Peele, author of Seven Tools to Beat Addiction.
[P] Social support is critical to changing all kinds of behavior. Good friends can not only help you through slip-ups but also help keep your New Year’s resolutions from taking over your life. Rather than obsessing about what you shouldn’t be doing, think about things you should, experts say. The distraction will help you curb bad habits. "Focus on your higher goals and positive activities, things that both sustain you and fill your life," says Peele. If you regularly engage in meaningful activities that give you pleasure—whether it’s visiting friends, picking up a hobby, taking a class or doing volunteer work—you’ll simply have less time to engage in the behavior that you want to reduce.
It is advisable for you to give yourself a little prize once you achieve a goal, like a month of abstinence.
选项
答案
N
解析
由achieve a goal和like a month of abstinence定位到N段。原文主要讲当自己的某个目标达到时应该奖励一下自己。本题句子的give yourself a little prize对应原文的reward yourself和treat yourself to something。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/Ic97777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
SomeonehascalculatedthatbythetimeanAmericanreachestheageof40,heorshehasbeenexposedtoonemillionads.Anothe
Theclimateofearthhasfluctuatedquiteabitoverthelast4.6billionyearsofourplanet’shistoryanditcanbeexpectedt
Thekeytothesequestionsistheemotionalresponsewecallanxiety.Unlikehungerorthirst,whichbuildanddissipate(驱散)in
A、Byobservingtheordinaryonesthathavealreadyerupted.B、Bystudyingthelargerpartofavolcanohiddenunderground.C、By
A、Theydon’thavepropereducation.B、Theydon’thaveenoughencouragement.C、Theirparentsarenotresponsible.D、Theyarenot
Thatexperiencesinfluencesubsequentbehaviorisevidenceofanobviousbutneverthelessremarkableactivitycalledremembering
A、Onemonth,B、Onemonthandahalf.C、Twomonths.D、TwomonthsandahaleBW:Anyplansforyoursummervacation?M:Yes.I’mg
Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteashortessayentitledEnergyCrisis.Youshouldwriteatleast150words
A、Towireheroffice.B、Tofixthetransformer.C、Towireherbuilding.D、Tofixthewires.CWhatdoesthewomanwantthemanto
Youhavetoberealisticand__________________(毫不犹豫地取消结婚计划).
随机试题
社会形态是
患儿,女,生后7天。出现发热,烦躁不安,吸吮困难,苦笑面容,阵发性痉挛、惊厥,脐部发红。该患儿护理措施不正确的是
具有平肝疏肝作用的药物是()
具有主疏泄功能的脏是()具有主闭藏功能的脏是()
刘先生今年30岁,在一家大公司工作,刘太太是国内某高校的教师。刘先生2003年买了一辆价值30万元的奥迪A4,当时奥迪A4的市价为32万元。刘先生对该车向某财产保险公司投了保。刘先生是住房公积金制度的客户,每月按时缴纳住房公积金。他打算购买一套评估价为60
白晨在向社会工作者小智诉说家中的不幸时,抱怨自己的老公太无能,挣钱少,自己的生活压力非常大。小智对白晨的遭遇表示同情,同时向她诉说自己家里的情况也不是很好,丈夫患有慢性疾病,家里的一切都得她来照顾。在这个过程中,小智运用的技巧是()。
()是我国企业在经济改革的实践活动中,涌现出来的一件新事物,它对传统体制下“终身制”的劳动人事制定产生了巨大冲击。
学习动机由()构成。
Allofuscommunicatewithoneanothernon-verbally,aswellaswithwords.Mostofthetimewe’renotawarethatwe’redoingit
BossesSay"Yes"toHomeWorkA)Risingcostsofofficespace,timelosttostressfulcommuting,andaslowrecognitionthatwo
最新回复
(
0
)