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  3. How long you live has a lot to do with your environment and lifestyle, but exceptional longevity may have even more to do with y

How long you live has a lot to do with your environment and lifestyle, but exceptional longevity may have even more to do with y

admin2019-09-30  95
问题    How long you live has a lot to do with your environment and lifestyle, but exceptional longevity may have even more to do with your genes. For the first time, researchers have identified a genetic recipe that accurately predicts who may live to 100 and beyond. Scientists led by Dr. Thomas Perls at the Boston University School of Medicine conducted a genetic analysis of more than 1,000 centenarians and their matched controls and found 150 genetic variants—or bits of DNA—that differed between the two groups. These variants identified people who lived to a very old age (past 100) with 77% accuracy, researchers found.
   Further analysis identified 19 distinct genetic profiles associated with extremely long life; 90% of participants who lived to 100 possessed at least one of the signature genetic clusters. Each profile appeared to confer a different tendency to develop common age-related chronic diseases, such as heart disease or brain disorder. "We realize this is a complex genetic puzzle," Perls said. "We’re quite a ways away still in understanding how the integration of these genes—not just with themselves but with environmental factors—are playing a role in this longevity puzzle."
   Perls has studied many factors that contribute to longevity, and he is the first to acknowledge that living longer isn’t likely to be simply a matter of genes. His previous work has shown, for example, that among most elderly people who live into their 70s and 80s, about 70% of their longevity can be ascribed to environmental factors such as not smoking; eating a healthy, low-fat, low-calorie diet; and remaining socially engaged and intellectually active throughout life.
   Still, it seems clear that those who live to an exceptionally ripe old age are benefiting from a special DNA boost. In fact, Perls believes that the older a person gets, the more likely it is that his or her genes are contributing to those extended years. His current genetic findings support that theory: the 19 most common genetic profiles that distinguished the exceptionally long-lived appear to be correlated with lower incidence of certain diseases. For example, some profiles were associated with lower rates of high blood pressure and diabetes, while another was linked to a reduced risk of brain disorder.
   Although most of us can’t expect to become centenarians, Perls is hoping that his work will lead to better ways—perhaps through pharmaceutical interventions based on the genetic clues to longevity—to help more of us live like them.
Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 2?
选项 A、Chronic diseases are complex genetic puzzles to scientists.
B、How exceptional longevity-related genes function is known.
C、Most centenarians have exceptional longevity-related genes.
D、The integration of genes and environmental factors is important.
答案C
解析 推理判断题。第二段第一句后半部分提到，90％的特别长寿者都至少拥有一种与长寿有关的标志基因图谱．可见C项与之最为贴近。
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