首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Dieting, according to an old joke, may not actually make you live longer, but it sure feels that way. Nevertheless, evidence has
Dieting, according to an old joke, may not actually make you live longer, but it sure feels that way. Nevertheless, evidence has
admin
2015-07-13
93
问题
Dieting, according to an old joke, may not actually make you live longer, but it sure feels that way. Nevertheless, evidence has been accumulating since the 1930s that calorie restriction—reducing an animal’s energy intake below its energy expenditure—extends lifespan and delays the onset of age-related diseases in rats, dogs, fish and monkeys. Such results have inspired thousands of people toput up with constant hunger in the hope of living longer, healthier lives. They have also led to a search for drugs that mimic the effects of calorie restriction without the pain of going on an actual diet.
Amid the hype (intensive publicity), it is easy to forget that no one has until now shown that calorie restriction works in humans. That omission, however, changed this month, with the publication of the initial results of the first systematic investigation into the matter. This study, known as CALERIE (Comprehensive Assessment of Long-term Effects of Reducing Intake of Energy), was sponsored by America’s National Institutes of Health. It took 48 men and women aged between 25 and 50 and assigned them randomly to either a control group or a calorie-restriction regime. Those in the second group were requir ed to cut their calorie intake for six months to 75% of that needed to maintain their weight.
The CALERIE study is a landmark in the history of the field, because its subjects were either of normal weight or only slightly overweight. Previous projects have used individuals who were clinically obese, thus confusing the unquestionable benefits to health of reducing obesity with the possible advantages of calorie restriction to the otherwise healthy.
At a molecular level, CALERIE suggests these advantages are real. For example, those on restricted diets had lower insulin resistance and lower levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. They showed drops in body temperature and blood-insulin levels—both phenomena that have been seen in long-lived, calorie-restricted animals. They also suffered less oxidative damage to their DNA.
Eric Ravussin, of Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge, who is one of the study’s authors, says that such results provide support for the theory that calorie restriction produces a metabolic adaptation over and above that which would be expected from weight loss alone. Nevertheless, such metabolic adaptation could be the reason why calorie restriction is associated with longer lifespans in other animals—and that is certainly the hope of those who, for the past 15 years, have been searching for ways of triggering that metabolic adaptation by means other than semi-starvation.
What makes the CALERIE study a significant one in the field?
选项
A、It used the subjects of both genders and different ages.
B、It selected people of normal weight as the subjects.
C、It rectified the misconception of dieting.
D、It was systematic in research method and based on evidence.
答案
B
解析
事实细节题,考查例证细节。第三段首句指出,CALERIE研究之所以是一座里程碑是因为选取的研究个体为体重正常或轻微偏重的个体,B项符合。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/Ig74777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
Thedebateabouthowideas,opinions,andbehaviorsradiatewithingroupsofpeoplegoesbackdecades.Accordingtotheso-calle
Thisisthegoldenageofmedicalresearch.Andmanymedicaldiscoverieshavemaderealdifferencestothelivesofmanypeople,
Ifthereisanyendeavourwhosefruitsshouldbefreelyavailable,thatendeavourissurelypubliclyfinancedscience.Morally,
ManyforeignerswhohavenotvisitedBritaincallalltheinhabitantsEnglish,fortheyareusedtothinkingoftheBritishIsle
ManyforeignerswhohavenotvisitedBritaincallalltheinhabitantsEnglish,fortheyareusedtothinkingoftheBritishIsle
Anyonewhodoubtsthatglobalfinancialmarketscontrolnationaleconomiesneedonlylookatthecrisisfacingthe"tigers"oft
Anyonewhodoubtsthatglobalfinancialmarketscontrolnationaleconomiesneedonlylookatthecrisisfacingthe"tigers"oft
Wedidn’tknowhistelephonenumber,otherwisewe______him.
CharlesDarwinwedhiscousinEmmaandspawned10children,includingfourbrilliantscientists.AlbertEinstein’ssecondwifeE
AsGilbertWhite,Darwin,andothersobservedlongago,allspeciesappeartohavetheinnatecapacitytoincreasetheirnumbers
随机试题
Amoment’sdrillingbythedentistmaymakeusnervousandupset.Manyofuscannotstandpain.Toavoidthepainofadrilling
下列哪些方法适用于病毒的分离
工程管线综合总体规划说明书的内容包括()。
如果A方案的净现值是200万元,项目计算期是15年,B方案的项目计算期是10年,基准折现率为12%,按最短计算期法计算的A方案的调整后的净现值应为()。
某食品质量按行业标准可分为四个等级,等级系数x依次设为A、B、C、D.现从一批该食品中随机抽取20件,然后统计其等级系数的分布,得到频率分布表如下:在(1)的条件下,将等级系数为A、B和C的食品(每一等级的产品各不相同)混合,从中抽取3件商品,其中3
签订技术转让合同必须遵守国家的法律,符合国家政策的要求。否则,即使是当事人双方自愿签订的合同,非但不能受到法律保护,还要根据情况依法追究法律责任。与以上论述等值的是()。
一种针对某种疾病的新疗法在12个月的临床试验中使68%的患者病情有了明显改善,其中43%的患者痊愈。然而,通常采用的治疗方法也可在12个月内将38%的患者完全治愈。由于新疗法主要选择了那些症状比较严重的患者,因此有人认为这种新疗法在疗效方面比常用的疗法更显
最新研究发现,几千万年前一支长有罕见怪异特征的哺乳动物家族移居地下生活,并从6500万年前的大灭绝事件中幸存下来,科学家将其命名为Necrolestes。一直以来,这个绰号为“坟墓强盗”的生物被认为是有袋类动物。然而进一步的分析发现,它其实属于生物进化树上
(2010上集管)有多年开发经验的赵工被任命为某应用软件开发项目的项目经理,客户要求10个月完成项目。项目组包括开发、测试人员共10人,赵工兼任配置管理员的工作。按照客户的初步需求,赵工估算了工作量,发现工期很紧。因此,赵工在了解客户的部分需求之
“年龄在0~18之间”,这种约束属于数据库系统的(167)措施。
最新回复
(
0
)