首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 28 - 41 which are based on Reading Passage 3 below. T
You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 28 - 41 which are based on Reading Passage 3 below. T
admin
2013-11-25
22
问题
You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 28 - 41 which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.
TOURISM
A Tourism, holidaymaking and travel are these days more significant social phenomena than most commentators have considered. On the face of it there could not be a more trivial subject for a book. And indeed since social scientists have had considerable difficulty explaining weightier topics, such as work or politics, it might be thought that they would have great difficulties in accounting for more trivial phenomena such as holidaymaking. However, there are interesting parallels with the study of deviance. This involves the investigation of bizarre and idiosyncratic social practices which happen to be defined as deviant in some societies but not necessarily in others. The assumption is that the investigation of deviance can reveal interesting and significant aspects of ’ normal’ societies. It could be said that a similar analysis can be applied to tourism.
B Tourism is a leisure activity which presupposes its opposite, namely regulated and organised work. It is one manifestation of how work and leisure are organised as separate and regulated spheres of social practice in ’modern’ societies. Indeed acting as a tourist is one of the defining characteristics of being ’ modern ’ and the popular concept of tourism is that it is organised within particular places and occurs for regularised periods of time. Tourist relationships arise from a movement of people to, and their stay in, various destinations. This necessarily involves some movement, that is the journey, and a period of stay in a new place or places. The journey and the stay are by definition outside the normal places of residence and work and are of a short-term and temporary nature and there is a clear intention to return ’home’ within a relatively short period of time.
C A substantial proportion of the population of modern societies engages in such tourist practices; new socialised forms of provision have developed in order to cope with the mass character of the gazes of tourists, as opposed to the individual character of travel. Places are chosen to be visited and be gazed upon because there is an anticipation, especially through daydreaming and fantasy, of intense pleasures, either on a different scale or involving different senses from those customarily encountered. Such anticipation is constructed and sustained through a variety of non-tourist practices, such as films, TV, literature, magazines, records and videos which construct and reinforce this daydreaming.
D Tourists tend to visit features of landscape and townscape which separate them off from everyday experience. Such aspects are viewed because they are taken to be in some sense out of the ordinary. The viewing of these tourist sights often involves different forms of social patterning, with a much greater sensitivity to visual elements of landscape or townscape than is normally found in everyday life. People linger over these sights in a way that they would not normally do in their home environment and the vision is objectified or captured through photographs, postcards, films and so on which enable the memory to be endlessly reproduced and recaptured.
E One of the earliest dissertations on the subject of tourism is Boorstin’s analysis of the ’pseudo-event’(1964)where he argues that contemporary Americans cannot experience ’ reality ’ directly but thrive on ’ pseudo-events’. Isolated from the host environment and the local people, the mass tourist travels in guided groups and finds pleasure in inauthentic contrived attractions, gullibly enjoying the pseudo-events and disregarding the real world outside. Over time the images generated of different tourist sights come to constitute a closed self-perpetuating system of illusions which provide the tourist with the basis for selecting and evaluating potential places to visit. Such visits are made, says Boorstin, within the ’ environmental bubble’ of the familiar American-style hotel which insulates the tourist from the strangeness of the host environment.
F To service the burgeoning tourist industry, an array of professionals has developed who attempt to reproduce ever-new objects for the tourist to look at. These objects or places are located in a complex and changing hierarchy. This depends upon the interplay between, on the one hand, competition between interests involved in the provision of such objects and, on the other hand, changing class, gender, and generational distinctions of taste within the potential population of visitors. It has been said that to be a tourist is one of the characteristics of the ’ modern experience’. Not to ’go away’ is like not possessing a car or a nice house. Travel is a marker of status in modern societies and is also thought to be necessary for good health. The role of the professional, therefore, is to cater for the needs and tastes of the tourists in accordance with their class and overall expectations.
Questions 28 - 32
Reading Passage 3 has 6 paragraphs(A - F). Choose the most suitable heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below. Write the appropriate numbers(/ - IX)in boxes 28 ~ 32 on your answer sheet. Paragraph D has been done for you as an example.
NB There are more headings than paragraphs so you will not use all of them. You may use any heading more than once.
List of Headings
i The politics of tourism
ii The cost of tourism
iii Justifying the study of tourism
iV Tourism contrasted with travel
V The essence of modern tourism
Vi Tourism versus leisure
Vii The artificiality of modern tourism
Viii The role of modern tour guides
IX Creating an alternative to the everyday experience
Paragraph B
选项
答案
V
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/J9NO777K
本试题收录于:
雅思阅读题库雅思(IELTS)分类
0
雅思阅读
雅思(IELTS)
相关试题推荐
EachofQuestions1to7presentstwoquantities.QuantityAandQuantityB.Comparethetwoquantities.Youmayuseadditional
EachofQuestions1to7presentstwoquantities.QuantityAandQuantityB.Comparethetwoquantities.Youmayuseadditional
EachofQuestions1to7presentstwoquantities.QuantityAandQuantityB.Comparethetwoquantities.Youmayuseadditional
EachofQuestions1to7presentstwoquantities,QuantityAandQuantityB.Comparethetwoquantities.Youmayuseadditional
PROFILEOFCONGRESSINYEARX(totalmembership:535)Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromtheinformationgiveninthe
Ofthefollowingvalues,whichisthegreatest?
Youknowthatxisapositiveinteger.Whichofthefollowingstatementsindividuallyprovide(s)sufficientadditionalinformatio
Whichofthefollowingisequivalenttotheinequality3x-6>6x+9?
Ifxispositiveandyistwogreaterthanthesquareofx,whichofthefollowingexpressesxintermsofy?
随机试题
感染根管内的最主要的细菌
根据建设项目的特点、评价等级、地面水环境特点和当地环保要求,个别建设项目应预测()对地面水环境的影响。
根据《中华人民共和国土地管理法》,征收下列土地,不需要由国务院批准的是()。
关于限额设计,以下叙述中不正确的是()。
华鑫公司10月末总账账户余额如下:银行存款335000元;库存现金5000元;原材料100000元;短期借款50000元;应付账款10000元;实收资本300000元;资本公积80000元。该公司11月份发生的经济业务事项
下列关于现金折扣会计处理的表述中,正确的有()。(2011年)
关于做好小麦抢收工作的通告为进一步加大抢收工作力度,确保按时完成麦收任务,经县委、县政府同意,现就做好小麦抢收工作通知如下:一、确保留住足够的农业机械在县内作业,并动用一切手段,千方百计联系外地机械来我县作业。二、确保所有的机
我国刑法处罚的是()。
已知A2一2A+E=O,则(A+E)-1________.
StressManagementI.Thegoalofstressmanagement—takingchargeofthoughts,emotions,【B1】______andenvironmentetc.【B1】____
最新回复
(
0
)